Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 2SQ
In terms of the spatial organization of photosynthesis within the chloroplast, what is the advantage of the light reactions producing NADPH and ATP on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane?
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In terms of the spatial organization of photosynthesis within the chloroplast, what is the advantage of the light reactions producing NADPH and ATP on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane?
In the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis, what specifically happens in the electron transport chain between Photosystem II and Photosystem I?
The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem II is transferred to pheophytin and plastoquinones, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to plastocyanin. Plastocyanin then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem I.
The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem I is transferred to pheophytin and plastoquinones, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to plastocyanin. Plastocyanin then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem II.
The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem I is transferred to plastocyanin, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to pheophytin and plastoquinones. Plastoquinone then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem II.…
The light reactions in chloroplasts power the creation of ATP via chemiosmosis. In relation to this process, which of the following is true? 1. ATP synthase breaks ATP down into ADP, creating energy to fuel chemiosmosis.2. Oxygen is used as a source of electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II.3. Chemiosmosis during the light reactions is also used in the reduction of NADPH and FADH2.4. As excited electrons fall back down to a lower energy state, they create a proton gradient that is used to fuel the phosphorylation of ADP.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 7 - The light reactions take place in the structures...Ch. 7 - In terms of the spatial organization of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3SQCh. 7 - Prob. 4SQCh. 7 - Prob. 5SQCh. 7 - Prob. 6SQCh. 7 - Prob. 7SQCh. 7 - Prob. 8SQCh. 7 - Prob. 9SQCh. 7 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...
Ch. 7 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 7 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 7 - Tropical rain forests cover only about 3% of...Ch. 7 - Suppose you wanted to discover whether the oxygen...Ch. 7 - Interpreting Data In the following graph, called...Ch. 7 - There is general agreement within the scientific...Ch. 7 - Burning biomass to produce electricity avoids many...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In chloroplasts, the light reactions power the creation of ATP via chemiosmosis. In relation to this process, which of the following is true? a) ATP synthase breaks ATP down into ADP, creating energy to fuel chemiosmosis. b) Oxygen is used as a source of electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II. c) Chemiosmosis during the light reactions is also used in the reduction of NADPH and FADH2. d) As excited electrons fall back down to a lower energy state, they create a proton gradient that is used to fuel the phosphorylation of ADP.arrow_forwardIn photosynthesis, contrast the light reactions with the light independent reactions, in terms of goals, inputs, and outputs of each. Spatially where do they take place (which parts of the chloroplast)? (Optional, for further discussion: Could there be light reactions without light-independent reactions, or visa-versa?)arrow_forwardIn photosynthesis, contrast the light reactions with the light independent reactions, in terms of goals, inputs, and outputs of each. Spatially where do they take place (which parts of the chloroplast)?arrow_forward
- What are the two places where light energy is required in the light reaction of photosynthesis? Why must energy be supplied at precisely these points?arrow_forwardIf you could replace all of the plant ATP synthase with ATP synthase enzymes from animal cells, oriented such that the Fo complex was in the thylakoid membrane with the open channel facing the thylakoid space, and the F1 complex was present in the stroma, how would this affect the ability of photosystem II to generate ATP? Assume that the animal cell ATP synthase functions normally in the chloroplast after replacement.arrow_forward2.) A.) Explain how electron transfer leads to ATP biosynthesis in the light reactions of photosynthesis. You must give details about how electron flow builds a pH gradient and a description of the compartments in the chloroplast in relation to pH. Also, compare the ETC of the mitochondrion with the ETC of the light reactions for both the source and destination for electrons. B.) Would ATP biosynthesis happen if ionophores, which would create holes in the thylakoid membrane and allow uncontrolled passage of charged molecules such as protons between compartments, are provided to the chloroplast? Why or why not? C.) How would you modify Complex I of the electron transport chain to decrease ATP yield from Step 3 of β-oxidation? As part of this, you must explain why there is a difference in ATP yield between NADH and FADH 2 AND give a specific change to the ETC that would decrease ATP yield from Step 3arrow_forward
- Plants have evolved by developing mechanisms that promote entry of CO, into the Calvin Cycle (CC) to limit photorespiration when environmental conditions tend to favor the latter. This is because photorespiration 1) is energetically inefficient (consuming more ATP than the CC alone) and 2) it does not produce any sugars that can be "fed" into cellular respiration to produce lots more ATP. A) Under what environmental conditions does photorespiration "outcompete" that of the CC? Specifically, what mechanism is responsible for committing the cell to photorespiration and what type of plant does not have any "safeguards" to ensure that the CC is performed rather than photorespiration? B) Describe the mechanisms employed by two types of plants to minimize photorespiration and ensure that the CC is carried out even when environmental conditions are not in their favor. Be sure to identify 1) the type of plant, 2) its natural environment and how it affects the plant's ability to perform the CC,…arrow_forwardIn cyclic photophosphorylation in photosystem I, ATP is produced, even though water is not split. Explain how the process takes place.arrow_forwardWhat is the advantage of having an extensive set of thylakoid membranes in the chloroplasts?arrow_forward
- Where is the electrochemical gradient located in the chloroplast? Why is it important? Why are the Light Independent Reactions important? Name the 3 stages of the Calvin Cycle? What is the function of ribulose bisphosphate, RUBISCO, glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate in the Calvin Cycle? How much energy is utilized? What is Carbon Fixation? What is Photorespiration? Why is it wasteful? Why are some plants called C4 plants and why are they important? How have they adapted to unfavorable climatic conditions? How do the activities of C4 plants compare with the activities of CAM plants?arrow_forwardFor most plants, two distinct photosystems (Photosystem I and Photosystem II) work together in series during photosynthesis. These photosystems are complexes of proteins and pigment molecules. Statement 1: Photosystem I has an absorption maximum of 680 nm, whereas Photosystem II has an absorption maximum of 700 nm. Statement 2: The special pair of chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction center of photosystem I is designated as P700, whereas the special pair of chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction center of photosystem II is designated as P680. Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false. Statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true. Both statements are true. Both statements are false.arrow_forwardIn the Light Reaction of Photosynthesis, the sun excites electrons in pigment molecules in the photosystems. These excited electrons and (H+ ions) go through electron transport systems. Keep in mind that if this process continued as stated, the pigment molecules would run out of electrons, but fortunately there is a way in which the excited electrons are replaced. Explain how the electrons are ultimately replaced and what the important byproduct is.arrow_forward
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