Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 6.1, Problem 4R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The fluidity of the cancer cell membrane with diffusion in the plane of the membrane of both lipids and proteins at a fast rate.
Introduction:
The cell membrane is mainly composed of lipids. Along with lipids, cell membranes also contain carbohydrates and proteins. The lipids found in the plasma membrane are of various types. Some fatty acids of certain lipids form the inner side of the membrane. Various molecules can pass along with the plane of the membrane laterally due to the fluidity of the membrane. Some cancerous cells show higher membrane fluidity than normal cells.
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The following is true about lipif layer of plasma membrane EXCEPT:
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Diffusion is incredibly important for the proper functioning of cells. Our question today is whether or not it is diffusion that is the cause of the commonalities between different cells in their size and shape. You will be measuring the rates of diffusion in cell models that are cut into different shapes and sizes
Chapter 6 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- Organelles and Cystic Fibrosis A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures. People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13). Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein. Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles traveling from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells. In which organelle is the amount of CFTR protein most similar in both types of cells?arrow_forwardOrganelles and Cystic Fibrosis A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures. People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13). Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein. Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles travel in g from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells. Which organelle contains the least amount of CFTR protein in normal cells? In CF cells?arrow_forwardWhich of the following methods of transport is being used to transfer the substance into the cell in the accompanying graph? a. diffusion down a concentration gradient b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. active transport e. vesicular transport f. It is impossible to tell with the information provided.arrow_forward
- Assign a function(s) to the following cellular structures: a. plasma membrane b. mitochondrion c. nucleus d. ribosomearrow_forwardA scientist compares the plasma membrane composition of an animal from the Mediterranean coast with one from the Mojave Desert. Which hypothesis is most likely to be correct? The cells from the Mediterranean coast animal will have more fluid plasma membranes The cells from the Mojave Desert animal will have a higher cholesterol concentration in the plasma membranes The cells’ plasma membranes will be indistinguishable The cells from the Mediterranean coast animal will have a higher glycoprotein content, while the cells from the Mojave Desert animal will have a higher lipoprotein content.arrow_forwardWhat is unique about plasma membrane? Why is it advantageous for the plasma membrane to be fluid in nature? How does the sodium-potassium pump contribute to the net negative charge of the interior of the cell? In medicine, why is it important to administer only isotonic intravenous solutions to patients? Example of isotonic IV fluids are normal saline and lactated Ringer’s solution. Potassium is a necessary nutrient in order to maintain the function of our cells. What would occur to a person that is deficient in potassium?arrow_forward
- the structure of the plasma membrane is best described as: two layers of phospholipids stacked on top of each other, with proteins embedded in the phospholipids Oa single layer of proteins and polysachharides mixed together two layers of proteins stacked on top of each other O many sheets of peptidoglycan stacked on top of each other O one layer of triglycerides on top of a layer of proteinsarrow_forward. what are two structural characteristics of cell membrane determine whether substances can pass through them passively? What determines whether or not a substance can be actively transported through the membrane?arrow_forwardIn the image, the tight junction proteins link cells together creating a barrier. These barrier proteins... protein A apical plana embrane (A) tight ntion lateral plauma brane banal plama membrane bal lamina Oa Puli the cells so close together ions struggle to fit between cells. O b. ) Prevent Transmembrane proteins from using membrane dynamics to float from the apical to the basolateral locations of a cell. OC. Are cytoplasmic-side anchoring proteins O d. Prevent proteins and lipids trom moving from apical to basolateral and don't let things pass between 2 cells side by side.arrow_forward
- State the functions of each of the following cell membrane processes. 1. mosaicity 2. fluidity 3. self-healing 4. cytoskeletal fencing 5. lipid raftsarrow_forwardQUESTION 1 a) Figure 2 shows the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane. Figure 2 i) Name the parts labelled A and B. A: .. ii) State the component and function of structure C. Component Function: b) Movement of solutes across a membrane occur with the help of transport protein. i) Name the disease due to defective carrier proteins that transport cystine. i) Name and describe one (1) type of gated ion channel. i) Explain how glucose molecules are transported across plasma membrane into a cell via passive transport.arrow_forwardDescribe the permeability of cell membranes. How to substances cross cell membranes? Utilize the terms bi-polar, semi-permeable, diffusion, active transport, membrane proteins, endocytosis, exocytosis, vesicles, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, etc. (This should be 3-4 paragraphs long)arrow_forward
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