8th Edition

ISBN: 9781305268920

Author: Bernard Rosner

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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In a 2-proportion test, two separate proportions are measured at the same time, and their similarity is evaluated. It is also known as a 2-proportion z-test, and a comparison of two different proportions is done in this method.

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Textbook Question

Chapter 6, Problem 80P

The value of mammography as a screening test for breast cancer has been controversial, particularly among young women. A study was recently performed looking at the rate of false positives for repeated screening mammograms among approximately 10,000 women who were members of Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, a large health-maintenance organization in New England [9].

The study reported that of a total of 1996 tests given to 40- to 49-year-old women, 156 yielded false-positive results.

Provide a two-sided 95% CI for the probability estimate in Problem 6.79.

Suppose a woman is given a mammogram every 2 years starting at age 40. What is the probability that she will have at least one false-positive test result among 5 screening tests during her forties? (Assume the repeated screening tests are independent.)

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Chapter 6, Problem 79P

Chapter 6, Problem 81P

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2. A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the presence of congenital malformations in the child. Among children who suffer from an abnormality other than Down’s syndrome or an oral cleft, 32.8% have mothers who smoked during pregnancy. You wish to determine if this proportion is the same for those children born with an oral cleft. In a random sample of 27 infants with an oral cleft, 15 had mothers who smoked during pregnancy. a. What is the estimate of the proportion of infants born with oral clefts whose mothers smoked during pregnancy? 0.15 0.56 1.79 0.328 b. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true population proportion. (0.373, 0.747) (0.40, 0.72) (0.54, 0.58) c. What are the Null and Alternative Hypotheses of this test? Ho: p =/= 0.328 , Ha: p == 0.328 Ho: p >= 0.328 , Ha: p < 0.328 Ho: p <= 0.328 , Ha: p > 0.328 Ho: p == 0.328 , Ha: p =/= 0.328 d. Conduct the test at the 0.05…

Chapter 6 Solutions

Fundamentals of Biostatistics

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Solution Summary: The author explains that the 95% CI for probability is obtained (0.291, 0.38) with reference to Problem 6.78, since the probability of 1+ false positive is calculated as mathrmPr

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Chapter 6 Solutions