Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 6, Problem 3Q
To determine
The reason for the light rays to be essentially parallel which enter the telescope.
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To focus X rays, such as those collected in the Chandra X–Ray Observatory, it is necessary to use
a.
a lens.
b.
a concave glass mirror, such as that used in an optical reflecting telescope.
c.
a metal dish, such as that used in a radio telescope.
d.
grazing incidence optics shaped like a converging, hollow tube.
e.
a mesh of conducting wires.
(a) How far apart must two objects be on the moon to be resolved by the human eye? Take the diameter of the pupil of the eye to be 6 mm, the wavelength
of the light to be 500 nm, and the distance from the earth to the moon to be 380 000 km.
Number
Units
(b) How far apart must the objects be on the moon be to be resolved by a telescope that has a mirror diameter of 6 m?
Number
Units
A laser beam is pointed at the surface of a block of fluorite at an angle of 30.0° with respect to the normal (a line perpendicular to the surface at the spot where the ray hits the block).
Part of the light is reflected and the rest refracted. What is the angle (in degrees) between the reflected and refracted beams?
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
Ch. 6 - Prob. 1QCh. 6 - Prob. 2QCh. 6 - Prob. 3QCh. 6 - Prob. 4QCh. 6 - Prob. 5QCh. 6 - Prob. 6QCh. 6 - Prob. 7QCh. 6 - Prob. 8QCh. 6 - Prob. 9QCh. 6 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 6 - Prob. 11QCh. 6 - Prob. 12QCh. 6 - Prob. 13QCh. 6 - Prob. 14QCh. 6 - Prob. 15QCh. 6 - Prob. 16QCh. 6 - Prob. 17QCh. 6 - Prob. 18QCh. 6 - Prob. 19QCh. 6 - Prob. 20QCh. 6 - Prob. 21QCh. 6 - Prob. 22QCh. 6 - Prob. 23QCh. 6 - Prob. 24QCh. 6 - Prob. 25QCh. 6 - Prob. 26QCh. 6 - Prob. 27QCh. 6 - Prob. 28QCh. 6 - Prob. 29QCh. 6 - Prob. 30QCh. 6 - Prob. 31QCh. 6 - Prob. 32QCh. 6 - Prob. 33QCh. 6 - Prob. 34QCh. 6 - Prob. 35QCh. 6 - Prob. 36QCh. 6 - Prob. 37QCh. 6 - Prob. 38QCh. 6 - Prob. 39QCh. 6 - Prob. 40QCh. 6 - Prob. 41QCh. 6 - Prob. 42QCh. 6 - Prob. 43QCh. 6 - Prob. 44QCh. 6 - Prob. 45Q
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- People are often bothered when they discover that reflecting telescopes have a second mirror in the middle to bring the light out to an accessible focus where big instruments can be mounted. “Don’t you lose light?” people ask. Well, yes, you do, but there is no better alternative. You can estimate how much light is lost by such an arrangement. The primary mirror (the one at the bottom in Figure 6.6) of the Gemini North telescope is 8 m in diameter. The secondary mirror at the top is about 1 m in diameter. Use the formula for the area of a circle to estimate what fraction of the light is blocked by the secondary mirror. Figure 6.6 Focus Arrangements for Reflecting Telescopes. Reflecting telescopes have different options for where the light is brought to a focus. With prime focus, light is detected where it comes to a focus after reflecting from the primary mirror. With Newtonian focus, light is reflected by a small secondary mirror off to one side, where it can be detected (see also Figure 6.5). Most large professional telescopes have a Cassegrain focus in which light is reflected by the secondary mirror down through a hole in the primary mirror to an observing station below the telescope.arrow_forwardWhy is it advantageous to use a large-diameter objective lens in a telescope? (a) It diffracts the light more effectively than smaller-diameter objective lenses. (b) It increases its magnification. (c) It enables you to see more objects in the field of view. (d) It reflects unwanted wavelengths. (e) It increases its resolution.arrow_forwardWhat happens to a light wave when it travels from air into glass? (a) Its speed remains the same. (b) Its speed increases. (c) Its wavelength increases. (d) Its wavelength remains the same. (e) Its frequency remains the same.arrow_forward
- In a reflecting telescope the objective is a concave mirror of radius of curvature 2m and an eyepiece is a convex lens of focal length 5 cm. Find the apparent size of a 25-m tree at a distance of 10 km that you would perceive when looking through the telescope.arrow_forwardThe Yellow Submarine is a distance of 100 m from the beach. If the Sun is 30 degrees from the horizon, how deep is the submarine below the surface of the water if the refracted sunbeam hits the submarine? 100 marrow_forwardDesign an eye for a(n) using a concave spherical mirror such that the image of an object 1.0 m tall and 10 m away fully fills its 1.0-cm square photosensitive detector (which is movable for focusing purposes). Where should this detector be located with respect to the mirror? What should be the focal length of the mirror? Draw a ray diagram.arrow_forward
- QUESTION 4 The primary mirror of the orbiting telescope has a diameter of 6.7 cm. being in orbit, this telescope avoids the degrading effects of atmospheric distortion on its resolution. Assuming an average light wavelength of 550 nm, what is the angle between two just-resolvable point light sources? OA 12.33 x 10-6 cm OB 10.01 x 10-6 cm OC8.02 x 10-6 cm OD 14.41 x 10-6 cm QUESTION S Two rectangular pieces of plane glass sit on top another on a flat table as in Figure 1 below. A thin strip HOW ENarrow_forwardSteve is planning to commandeer the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) so that he can spy on his rival, Brad. The primary mirror of HST is 2.4 m in diameter. At what altitude will Steve need to pilot HST in order to resolve things on a 3.0 cm scale at Brad’s remote compound? Please show a step by step process with equations, with full explanations, and given units.arrow_forward3. A satellite telescope has a parabolic dish. Satellite signals are collected at the focal point (focus) of the parabola. The distance from the vertex of the parabolic dish to the focus is 40 feet. The vertex of the dish is located at a point 50 feet above the ground and 100 feet to the east of a computer that reads and records data from the telescope. The diameter of the dish is 160 feet. What is the depth of the parabolic dish?arrow_forward
- Which of the following items are usually seen as reasons why reflecting telescopes are more commonly used by astronomers than refracting telescopes? Select all that apply. Select one or more alternatives: Reflecting telescopes are less likely to distort images by treating different wavelengths of the light in different ways. Reflecting telescopes are easier to protect, because their mirrored surfaces are covered by glass. Reflecting telescopes are more easily pointed at specific objects. Large reflectors are easier to build than refractors. Reflecting telescopes were invented first, and have always been the primary tool of astronomers.arrow_forward2. Please refer to part (b) of Figure 1 included with this quiz. Here, theta (the angle the incident ray makes with respect to the vertical) is 65.8 degrees. What is d (the distance between the ray emerging from the bottom of the glass and where the ray would have been if it had continued straight on with no glass to refract it)? 5.92 m 3.48 m 2.44 m 4.87 marrow_forwardWhich statement about the Refraction of light waves is correct? All of theses are correct. O Refraction occurs because light travels at difference speeds in different materials. O Refraction is a process where light bends as it travels from one material to another. Refraction can be used to create a telescope.arrow_forward
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