To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata. Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5.7, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The structural difference between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

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What is the justification for considering gap junctions and plasmodesmata to be functionally similar? How do they differ structurally?

List and describe the three main types of cytoskeleton. If you wanted to do immunocytochemistry to specifically stain each type of cytoskeleton, what is a protein that could be used for each cytoskeletal type (in other words, what is a unique protein for each cytoskeletal type)? What are three types of actin structures? Describe the involvement of actin structures in cell migration. How is the growth and shrinking of microtubules regulated? Then describe the roles of microtubules in: chromosomal separation during mitosis and the movement of organelles and vesicles within a cell. Describe a possible mechanism on how signaling pathways might impact the cytoskeleton, so that cell migration could be regulated in a localized manner within a multicellular organism. (hint: think about the possible transcriptional regulation of the G-protein regulators) What are 2 main challenges of protein targeting? Then describe one way these challenges are overcome during signal-based targeting and one way…

How do plasmodesmata differ from gap junctions?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 5.7, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The structural difference between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 5.7, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The structural difference between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 5.7, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The structural difference between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

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Answer 5

Chapter 5.7, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The structural difference between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Answer 6

Chapter 5.7, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Answer 7

Chapter 5.7, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To justify: The functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To determine: The structural difference between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To determine: The structural difference between gap junctions and plasmodesmata.

Concept introduction: Cell junctions are multiprotein structures that link cells to each other and to the environment. They help in cell–cell communication and signal transduction in multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. Examples for cell junctions in animal cells are anchoring junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions whereas plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1LO Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 2LO Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 3LO Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 4LO Ch. 5.1 - What molecules are responsible for the physical...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 2C Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 3C Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 5LO Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 1C Ch. 5.2 - What roles do membrane proteins play in cell...

Solution Summary: The author explains the functional similarity between gap junctions and plasmodesmata. Gap junction uses integral membrane protein complexes like connexins for bridging the space between the cells.

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