Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 7TYU
Test Your Understanding
7. In cotransport (indirect active transport) (a) a uniporter moves a solute across a membrane against its concentration gradient (b) the move of one solute down its concentration gradient provides energy for transport of some other solute up its concentration gradient (c) a channel protein moves ions by facilitated diffusion (d) osmosis powers the movement of ions against their concentration gradient (e) sodium is directly transported in one direction, and potassium is indirectly transported in the same direction
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In cotransport (indirect active transport) (a) a uniporter moves a solute across a membrane against its concentration gradient (b) the movement of one solute down its concentration gradient provides energy for transport ofsome other solute up its concentration gradient (c) a channel protein moves ions by facilitated diffusion (d) osmosis powers the movement of ions against their concentration gradient (e) sodium is directly transported in one direction, and potassium is indirectly transported in the same direction
Electrochemical gradients (a) power simple diffusion (b) are established by pinocytosis (c) are necessary for transport by aquaporins (d) are established by concentration gradients (e) are a result of both an electric charge difference and a concentration difference between the two sides of the membrane
Which of the following processes includes all the others?(A) osmosis(B) diffusion of a solute across a membrane(C) passive transport(D) transport of an ion down its electrochemical gradient
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 5.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 5.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 5.1 - Prob. 4LOCh. 5.1 - What molecules are responsible for the physical...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 5.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 5.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 5.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.2 - What roles do membrane proteins play in cell...
Ch. 5.3 - Describe the importance of selectively permeable...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 5.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 5.4 - Prob. 7LOCh. 5.4 - LEARNING O9BJECTIVES 8Define osmosis and solve...Ch. 5.4 - PREDICT What would happen if a plan cell were...Ch. 5.4 - What is the immediate source of energy for simple...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 3CCh. 5.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.5 - What is the immediate energy source for...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 10LOCh. 5.6 - In what ways are exocytosis and endocytosis...Ch. 5.6 - How are the processes of phagocytosis and...Ch. 5.6 - What is the sequence of events in...Ch. 5.7 - Compare the structures and functions of anchoring...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 5 - Test Your Understanding 1.Transmembrane proteins...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 2.Which of the following...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 3.ABC transporters (a) use...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 4.When plant cells are in...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 5.Which of the following...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 6.Electrochemical...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 7.In cotransport (indirect...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 5 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 5 - Test Your Understanding 10.INTERPRET DATA GLUT 4...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 5 - Test Your Understanding 12.EVOLUTION LINK Explain...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13TYU
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- 8. Define homeostasis. maintoining nterral balance 9. What role does the cell membrane play in maintaining homeostasis? 10. How is facilitated diffusion different from diffusion? How are they similar? 11. List two ways that active transport is different than passive transport. 1) 2) 12. Why is the sodium-potassium pump considered an active transport? Which direction are the sodium and potassium bing pumped? How many sodiums are being pumped? How many potassiums are being pumped?arrow_forwardModel 4 - Transport Proteins: Facilitated Diffusion Extracellular Fluid mu Cytoplasmic Fluid Extracellular Fluid wwwwwwy hmmmml Cytoplasmic Fluid www.wmy wwwwwy hummu hmm wwwwwwy immmml wwwwwwwwY immu hmmmml wwwwy hmmmm O wwwwwwy wwwwwwwy imm hmmmmm Y www Y www 10. What appears to be the effect of inserting a protein channel into the membrane on the movement of molecules across the membrane? 11. Is the inner surface (facing the channel) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar in the examples shown in Model 4? Is the exterior surface (facing the fatty acid chains of the phospholipids) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar? Explain your reasoning. When a membrane protein assists in the passive transport of molecules across a barrier in the direction down their concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration) it is called facilitated diffusion. Transport proteins may also be involved in active transport where the cell uses energy from…arrow_forwardCalculate the free energy changes at 20°C for the transmembrane movement of Na and K ions using the conditions presented Figure 9.1. Assume the membrane potential is -70 mV. Use 3 significant figures. AG (Na) - AG (K) = kJ. mol ¹ kJ mol2 Aarrow_forward
- You are viewing two samples of mammalian red blood cells (erythrocytes) under a microscope. One first sample is made up of cells with a typical round shape. Most of the cells in the second sample had burst open. •Describe the properties of the solution that was used to prepare the second sample. • Identify one type of solute that can move through simple diffusion and does not affect osmotic pressure or require a membrane protein to cross a plasma membrane.arrow_forwardPart 1: If a gated channel (not a pump) is specific for potassium ions and based on what you know about concentration gradients, when will the potassium ions move through the channel? a) Is gated channel transport using energy (ATP)? Part 2: Why does the sodium - potassium pump need to use energy (ATP)? a) Define active transport in your own words.arrow_forwardDetermine the type of transport. Here are your options:Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, primary activetransport, secondary active transport1. A hydrophobic molecule is moving through the membrane2. K+ moving against its gradient (low to high) through the sodiumpotassium pump3. Water moving through the cell membrane4. A solute moving down its gradient through a carrier proteinarrow_forward
- The distinctive properties of facilitated diffusion are: (a) Increase the speed of diffusion of substances (b) Transport of substances towards increasing concentration Additional energy consumption for transport (c) Transfer of substance involving carriers (d) Integration flux of substance and ion transport (e)arrow_forwardWhich of the following processes requires the cell to expend metabolic energy directly (e.g., from ATP)? (a) osmosis (b) facilitated diffusion (c) all forms of carrier-mediated transport (d) active transport (e) simple diffusionarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are correct? Explain your answers. The plasma membrane is highly impermeable to all charged molecules. Channels have specific binding pockets for the solute molecules they allow to pass. Transporters allow solutes to cross a membrane at much faster rates than do channels. Certain H+ pumps are fueled by light energy. The plasma membrane of many animal cells contains open K+ channels, yet the K+ concentration in the cytosol is much higher than outside the cell. A symport would function as an antiport if its orientation in the membrane were reversed (i.e., if the portion of the molecule normally exposed to the cytosol faced the outside of the cell instead). The membrane potential of an axon temporarily becomes more negative when an action potential excites it.arrow_forward
- The distribution of water is determined by solute concentrations. A hypertonic solution would cause a body cell to shrink in size. Both statements are true. Both statements are false. The first statement is true and the second statement is false. The first statement is false and the second statement is true. Spaced practice question: Consider a membrane protein and its chemistry. Which of the following would describe a channel protein? It is an inorganic compound. It is an example of a globular (functional) protein. It is stable when exposed to an acidic environment. It is an example of a fibrous (structural) protein.arrow_forwardBased on the Movement of Water across a Selectively Permeable Membrane lab, what is a selectively permeable membrane definition? allows small molecules like corn syrup to pass but does not let large water molecules pass allows large molecules like corn syrup to pass but does not let larger water molecules pass allows large proteins like corn syrup to pass but does not let large water molecules pass allows small molecules like water to pass but does not let larger molecules like corn syrup pass *What is throwing me off is the comparison or larger vs smaller moleculesarrow_forwardMatch the transport mechanisms with their descriptions. (1) diffusion (2) facilitated diffusion (3) filtration (4) active transport (5) endocytosis (6) exocytosis A. the cell membrane engulfs a particle or substance, drawing it into the cell in a vesicleB. movement down the concentration gradient with a carrier protein, without energy inputC. movement down the concentration gradient without a carrier protein or energy inputD. a particle or substance leaves a cell in a vesicle that merges with the cell membraneE. movement against the concentration gradient with energy inputF. hydrostatic pressure forces substances through membranesarrow_forward
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