Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Osmosis is a type of diffusion in which solvent molecule (such as water) pass freely from less solute concentrated area to more solute concentrated area through a semipermeable membrane. There are majorly three types of osmotic conditions namely hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions.
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A laboratory technician accidentally places red blood cells in a hypertonic solution. What happens? (a) They undergo plasmolysis (b) They build up turgor pressure (c) They swell (d) They pump solutes out (e) They become dehydrated and shrunken
Electrochemical gradients (a) power simple diffusion (b) are established by pinocytosis (c) are necessary for transport by aquaporins (d) are established by concentration gradients (e) are a result of both an electric charge difference and a concentration difference between the two sides of the membrane
8. Define homeostasis.
maintoining nterral balance
9. What role does the cell membrane play in maintaining homeostasis?
10. How is facilitated diffusion different from diffusion? How are they similar?
11. List two ways that active transport is different than passive transport.
1)
2)
12. Why is the sodium-potassium pump considered an active transport? Which direction are the
sodium and potassium bing pumped? How many sodiums are being pumped? How many
potassiums are being pumped?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 5.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 5.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 5.1 - Prob. 4LOCh. 5.1 - What molecules are responsible for the physical...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 5.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 5.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 5.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.2 - What roles do membrane proteins play in cell...
Ch. 5.3 - Describe the importance of selectively permeable...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 5.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 5.4 - Prob. 7LOCh. 5.4 - LEARNING O9BJECTIVES 8Define osmosis and solve...Ch. 5.4 - PREDICT What would happen if a plan cell were...Ch. 5.4 - What is the immediate source of energy for simple...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 3CCh. 5.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.5 - What is the immediate energy source for...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 10LOCh. 5.6 - In what ways are exocytosis and endocytosis...Ch. 5.6 - How are the processes of phagocytosis and...Ch. 5.6 - What is the sequence of events in...Ch. 5.7 - Compare the structures and functions of anchoring...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 5.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 5 - Test Your Understanding 1.Transmembrane proteins...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 2.Which of the following...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 3.ABC transporters (a) use...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 4.When plant cells are in...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 5.Which of the following...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 6.Electrochemical...Ch. 5 - Test Your Understanding 7.In cotransport (indirect...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 5 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 5 - Test Your Understanding 10.INTERPRET DATA GLUT 4...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 5 - Test Your Understanding 12.EVOLUTION LINK Explain...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Using the principle of diffusion, a dialysis machine removes waste solutes from a patients blood. Imagine blood runs through a cylinder wherein diffusion can occur across an artificial selectively permeable membrane to a saline solution on the other side. Which of the following statements is correct? a. Solutes move from lower to higher concentraction. b. The concentration gradient is lower in the patients blood than in the saline solution wash. c. The solutes are transported through a symport in the blood cell membrane. d. The saline solution has a lower concentration gradient of solute than the blood. e. The waste solutes are actively transported from the blood.arrow_forwardWhich of the following processes includes all the others?(A) osmosis(B) diffusion of a solute across a membrane(C) passive transport(D) transport of an ion down its electrochemical gradientarrow_forwardWhen placed in a ______________ solution, a cell will lose water through osmosis. The process results in the ______________ of red blood cells. (a) hypotonic, crenation (b) hypertonic, crenation (c) isotonic, hemolysis (d) hypotonic, hemolysisarrow_forward
- (a)Aquaporins and membrane channel protein in plant and animal,they permit the movement of water across the membrane.Explain why this is necessary.(b) Explain the importance of cell surface membrane to cellarrow_forwardTHE HUMAN BODY1. Identify the six levels of structural organization that make up the body, and explain how they arerelated.2. What are the five survival needs of the human body? Briefly explain each.3. Explain the following termsa. Homeostasisb. Negative feedback mechanismc. Positive feedback mechanism4. Briefly describe each of the following terms related to membrane transporta. Selective permeabilityb. Simple diffusionc. Facilitated diffusiond. Osmosise. Active transportf. Passive transportg. Exocytosish. EndocytosisMUSCLE ACTIVITY, CONTRACTION, and MOVEMENT1. What are the five major functions of muscles in the body?2. What are the three types of muscle tissues and how do they differ anatomically?3. What are the actin and myosin? What are their roles in muscle movement?REFERENCES:arrow_forward1. in what direction water flows by osmosis through a semipermeable membrane when placed in a hypotonic solution, isotonic, or hypertonic environment? 2. Animal Cells burst or lyse in an environment?arrow_forward
- Q1: What would the second diagram look like if the pores in the semipermeable membrane were too small to allow water molecules to pass through? Q2: What would the second diagram look like if the pores were large enough to let both water molecules and sugar molecules through? Q3: The fluid in an IV bag is isotonic to blood. What change would you see in the red blood cells of a patient if a bag of a hypertonic solution was used in error?arrow_forwardU-Tube Diagram The following diagram illustrates a U-shaped tube that contains a semi-permeable membrane that separates the left and right sides. In figure A, the left side contains water (blue) and the right side contains a solution (red). After 24 hours, the results are illustrated in figure B. a) b) 1. Does the semi-permeable membrane allow for the movement of solution? What is your evidence? 2. Does the semi-permeable membrane allow for the movement of water? What is your evidence? 3. Has the left and right side of the tube reached equilibrium? What is your evidence? 4. Explain how the experiment demonstrates osmosis. Include tonicity (hyper, hypo, or iso) in your explanation.arrow_forwardSelect the best answer or answers from the choices given: Osmosis always involves (a) a selectively permeable membrane, (b) a difference in solvent concentration, (c) diffusion, (d) active transport, (e) a, b, and c.arrow_forward
- Membrane Physiology Homework 1. You have a beaker filled with a solution containing 2M glucose, 4M urea and IM salt. Suspended in the solution is a cell that containing a solution of IM glucose, 8M urea and 3M salt. The membrane of the cell is permeable to glucose and salt but not urea. Answer each of the following questions: a. Where will water move? b. Where will urea move? c. Where will glucose move? d. Where will salt move? e. What will happen to the volume of fluid inside the cell? f. What will happen to the osmolarity of the fluid inside the cell?arrow_forwardIn cotransport (indirect active transport) (a) a uniporter moves a solute across a membrane against its concentration gradient (b) the movement of one solute down its concentration gradient provides energy for transport ofsome other solute up its concentration gradient (c) a channel protein moves ions by facilitated diffusion (d) osmosis powers the movement of ions against their concentration gradient (e) sodium is directly transported in one direction, and potassium is indirectly transported in the same directionarrow_forward10. What if you placed the same cells into pure, distilled water (0% saline solution)? (Circle one answer.) The cells were immersed in a hypotonic/isotonic/hypertonic solution. 11. What if you put the same cells in a 2% saline solution? (Circle one answer.) The cells were immersed in a hypotonic/isotonic/hypertonic solution. 12. Based on your understanding of osmosis, why is it very important for intravenous fluids given in a hospital to have the same osmotic concentration as your own cells and body fluids?arrow_forward
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