
Concept explainers
(a)
To find: runner’s velocity if the angle of incline is 11∘ .
(a)

Answer to Problem 29E
v=5.43 m/s
Explanation of Solution
Given information: Track: When rounding a curve, the acute angle θ that a runner’s body makes with the vertical is called the angle of incline. It is described by the equation tanθ=v2gr, where v is the velocity of the runner, g is the acceleration due to gravity and r is the radius of the track. The acceleration due to gravity is a constant 9.8 meters per second squared. Suppose the radius of the track is 15.5 meters.
Calculation:
θ=11∘r=15.5m, g=9.8ms2tanθ=v2gr
Plug in our values
tan11∘=v29.8ms215.5m
0.1944=v2151.9m2s2
Cross multiply
29.53m2s2=v2
Take the square root of each side
v=5.43 m/s
(b)
To find: The runner’s velocity if the angle of incline is 13∘ .
(b)

Answer to Problem 29E
v=5.92 m/s
Explanation of Solution
Given information: Track: When rounding a curve, the acute angle θ that a runner’s body makes with the vertical is called the angle of incline. It is described by the equation tanθ=v2gr, where v is the velocity of the runner, g is the acceleration due to gravity and r is the radius of the track. The acceleration due to gravity is a constant 9.8 meters per second squared. Suppose the radius of the track is 15.5 meters.
Calculation:
θ=13∘r=15.5m, g=9.8ms2tanθ=v2gr
Plug in our values
tan13∘=v29.8ms215.5m
0.2309=v2151.9m2s2
Cross multiply
35.07m2s2=v2
Take the square root of each side
v=5.92 m/s
(c)
To find: runner’s velocity if the angle of incline is 15∘ .
(c)

Answer to Problem 29E
v=6.38 m/s
Explanation of Solution
Given information: Track: When rounding a curve, the acute angle θ that a runner’s body makes with the vertical is called the angle of incline. It is described by the equation tanθ=v2gr, where v is the velocity of the runner, g is the acceleration due to gravity and r is the radius of the track. The acceleration due to gravity is a constant 9.8 meters per second squared. Suppose the radius of the track is 15.5 meters.
Calculation:
θ=15∘r=15.5m, g=9.8ms2tanθ=v2gr
Plug in our values
tan15∘=v29.8ms215.5m
0.2679=v2151.9m2s2
Cross multiply
40.69m2s2=v2
Take the square root of each side
v=6.38 m/s
(d)
To find: whether a runner increase or decrease her velocity to increase his or her angle of incline.
(d)

Answer to Problem 29E
She would increase it
Explanation of Solution
Given information: Track: When rounding a curve, the acute angle θ that a runner’s body makes with the vertical is called the angle of incline. It is described by the equation tanθ=v2gr, where v is the velocity of the runner, g is the acceleration due to gravity and r is the radius of the track. The acceleration due to gravity is a constant 9.8 meters per second squared. Suppose the radius of the track is 15.5 meters.
Calculation:
For the three previous problems, the velocity increase made the angle increase.
That is what we were asked to show
tanθ=sinθcosθ
Thus,
She would increase her velocity to increase his or her angle of incline.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Advanced Mathematical Concepts: Precalculus with Applications, Student Edition
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