Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 51.4, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To propose a hypothesis: To check the altruistic behavior in a person by the Hamilton rule if that person has passed the reproductive age.
Concept introduction:
“Hamilton rule” is applied to analyze the amount of the fitness in an individual by observing the altruistic behavior in an individual. It analyzes the potential of a sibling male or female to reproduce and give rise to the progenies. It was proposed by William Hamilton, a British geneticist.
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Intrasexual selection involves competition among one sex (typically males) for mating access to the other sex. Intersexual selection involves mate choice in which individuals from one sex (typically females) choose their mates from among individuals of the other sex. Imagine a group of males that is engaged in agonistic behavior, from which Male A emerges triumphant. Now imagine a female that is assessing all of the males that were involved in the fights, and chooses Male A. Explain why this situation shows how intrasexual and intersexual selection pressures are likely both at play in the trait selection.
Assume you are studying a species of slug where the eggs are fertilized and transferred to the male. As a result the male is not able to increase reproductive success by mating with multiple partners. Therefore which of the following about sexual selection in this species is not true?
Females are more likely to develop traits that signal genetic quality to males.
Females will be able to increase reproductive success with increased mating partners.
Sexual selection in males will lead them to be choosy with what females they mate with.
Sexual selection in males will lead them to mate indiscriminately when they find a female.
Phalaropes are shore birds with brightly colored females and dull colored males. Females are larger than
males and compete with each other for access to males. Considering sexual selection theory, select the idea(s)
below that seem(s) most plausible in light of the pattern of sexual dimorphism? Pick all that apply
This is a picture of a brightly colored female:
O Females incubate eggs and care for the young.
Males incubate eggs and care for the young
Males are choosy.
males are not choosy
Chapter 51 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 51.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you exposed various fish species...Ch. 51.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the lunar-linked rhythm...Ch. 51.1 - How might associative learning explain why...Ch. 51.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 51.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.2 - Why does the mode of fertilization correlate with...Ch. 51.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Balancing selection can maintain...Ch. 51.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose an infection in a common...Ch. 51.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.4 - How is migration based on circannual rhythms...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.1CRCh. 51 - In some spider species, the female eats the male...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.3CRCh. 51 - Prob. 51.4CRCh. 51 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 51 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 51 - Female spotted sandpipers aggressively court males...Ch. 51 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 51 - Although many chimpanzees live in environments...Ch. 51 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 51 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 7. DRAW IT You are...Ch. 51 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behavior...Ch. 51 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Scientists studying scrub jays...Ch. 51 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Researchers are...Ch. 51 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION Learning is...Ch. 51 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Acorn woodpeckers...
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- EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behaviorin terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, butevolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness.Discuss the relationship between the two kinds of explanation.For instance, is an explanation for behavior such as “falling inlove” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about inter- and intra-sexual selection is FALSE? O Males are typically the sex experiencing intrasexual selection because they are generally limited by access to mates, whereas females are generally limited by access to resources. Intersexual selection can explain the occurrence of extravagant display traits in males such as the ornate coloration in guppies. Males competing against each other to aquire the best nuptual gift is an example of intrasexual selection. O Either intersexual or intrasexual selection may occur within a population, but not both.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT an example of sexual selection in the wild? * Peacocks showing off bright feathers to attract the peahens. Newts camouflaging in their environment so predators can't see them. Frogs singing loud songs to attract a mate. Rams butting heads and fighting to gain access to the females. INTL O 4:32 novo N42 Touch 4. %23 24 & backspace 4. 7 8 e r y ab f k enter shift C V alt ctrl altarrow_forward
- What are the characteristics of mate preference in sexual selection?arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between reproductive value and strength of selection? when reproductive value is high, selection is weak when reproductive value is high, selection is strong there is no relationship; it is constantarrow_forwardHow much of our behavior is determined by our genes versus the environment? Provide two examples of why or why not.What do you think are the pros and cons for an individual if they believe genes determine their behaviors? What are the pros and cons for individuals if they believe nature determines their behaviors? What do you think are the implications for society if we put a lot of weight on nature or nurture?arrow_forward
- What sorts of studies would we undertake in order to confirm that human mating behaviors are truly driven by biological forces, e.g., evolutionary fitness, rather than cultural or societal advantages?arrow_forwardAccording to Hamilton's Rule, in which scenario is selection for cooperative breeding expected to be the strongest? but lose the chance to have Helpers raise and increase the survival and reproduction of of their own offspring. O 100 additional 2nd cousins twice removed to whom they are 0.00781 (0.781%) genetically related; 2 of their own offspring. 60 additional 1st cousins once-removed to whom they are 0.0625 (6.25%) genetically related; 1 of their own offspring. O 50 additional grandnieces/nephews to whom they are 0.125 (12.5%) genetically related; 2 of their own offspring. None of the three scenarios are likely to result in the evolution of cooperative breeding according to Hamilton's Rule.arrow_forward why do females have a greater disadvantage compared to males concerning sexual reproduction? How has this difference between the sex shape sexual selection in general? Choose one form of communication and explain how it is used by competing sex is attracting a mate. arrow_forward
- Kingma et al. (2011) found that in the purple-crowned fairy-wren, most subordinate helpers at the nest feed full siblings or half siblings, but some helpers are unrelated to the nestlings they assist. What Darwinian puzzle is created by these findings, and how might you solve the puzzle by using inclusive fitness theory? What predictions follow from the explanation(s) that you propose?arrow_forwardHow might the following findings be understood in terms of the adaptive value of female mate preferences? Deep-voiced men have more children in a traditional hunter- gatherer culture, the Hazda of Tanzania. Taller men are more likely to be chosen in speed-dating competitions than their shorter rivals (Belot and Fancesconi 2006) and are more likely to be chosen as sperm donors by women in California (Egan 2006). Images of men with slightly bloodshot eyes are judged less attractive than photographs of the same men in which the whites of the eyes are clear (Provine et al. 2011). Please Do not write from an online sourcearrow_forwardThe northern red-legged frog, or Rana aurora, is found along the western coast from British Columbia to Northern California. Their typical breeding season lasts from January to March. The foothill yellow-legged frog, or Rana boylii, is found along the western coast from northern Oregon to central California. Their typical breeding season lasts from April to July. What mechanism might keep Rana aurora and Rana boylii from mating? anatomical isolation temporal isolation geographic isolation behavioral isolationarrow_forward
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