EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behaviorin terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, butevolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness.Discuss the relationship between the two kinds of explanation.For instance, is an explanation for behavior such as “falling inlove” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?

EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behaviorin terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, butevolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness.Discuss the relationship between the two kinds of explanation.For instance, is an explanation for behavior such as “falling inlove” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter17: Processes Of Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4SA

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Evolution connection we often explain our behavior in terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, but evolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness. what is the relationship between the two kinds of explanation? for instance, is a human explanation for behavior, such as “falling in love,” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?
According to Hamilton’s rule,(A) natural selection does not favor altruistic behavior thatcauses the death of the altruist.(B) natural selection favors altruistic acts when the resultingbenefit to the recipient, corrected for relatedness, exceedsthe cost to the altruist.(C) natural selection is more likely to favor altruistic behaviorthat benefits an offspring than altruistic behavior thatbenefits a sibling.(D) the effects of kin selection are larger than the effects ofdirect natural selection on individuals.
Which of the following is not required for a behavioral trait toevolve by natural selection?(A) In each individual, the form of the behavior is determinedentirely by genes.(B) The behavior varies among individuals.(C) An individual’s reproductive success depends in part onhow the behavior is performed.(D) Some component of the behavior is genetically inherited.
How can behaviors be adaptive? Provide an example that includes support from the five tenants of evolution by natural selection: 1) overproduction of offspring, 2) variation in the population, 3) competition for resources, 4) adaptive advantage for some, and 5) reproduction for those who survive
An individual bird may behave apparently altruistically in a way that decreases its own fitness (by cost C) yet increases the fitness of another individual or set of individuals (by benefit B each). According to Hamilton’s Rule, if natural selection favors this behavior to help four grandchildren, it should also be favored when the recipients are Group of answer choices eight first cousins All the given answers are correct two siblings four nieces
The northern red-legged frog, or Rana aurora, is found along the western coast from British Columbia to Northern California. Their typical breeding season lasts from January to March. The foothill yellow-legged frog, or Rana boylii, is found along the western coast from northern Oregon to central California. Their typical breeding season lasts from April to July. What mechanism might keep Rana aurora and Rana boylii from mating? anatomical isolation temporal isolation geographic isolation behavioral isolation
A breeding pair of birds receives help raising their young from an unrelated male bird. This behavior is termed cooperative breeding and in some ways this seems like an evolutionary paradox since helpers seem to be acting in ways that increase the fitness of others at their own cost. .How might providing this assistance improve the fitness of the unrelated male bird? Increasing the fitness of the unrelated offspring directly increases the unrelated bird's fitness O The cooperative relationship helps the unrelated male survive until he can find a mate and produce offspring of his own Rearing unrelated offspring delays sexual maturity in the helper bird so he has fewer offspring over the course of his life. Because he does not ever produce offspring of his own, the helper bird has a longer and healthier life.
Intrasexual selection involves competition among one sex (typically males) for mating access to the other sex. Intersexual selection involves mate choice in which individuals from one sex (typically females) choose their mates from among individuals of the other sex. Imagine a group of males that is engaged in agonistic behavior, from which Male A emerges triumphant. Now imagine a female that is assessing all of the males that were involved in the fights, and chooses Male A. Explain why this situation shows how intrasexual and intersexual selection pressures are likely both at play in the trait selection.
Define natural selection using the 5 points below to explain its role in understanding primate behavior. (1) there is variation among individuals; (2) some of that variation is heritable; (3) there is always competition between individuals for resources; (4) some variants outcompete other variants and leave more offspring; (5) to the extent that the parent's traits are heritable, then a larger portion of the next generation will reflect those traits.
Evolutionary biology What are 4 conditions in which natural selection favors altruistic behaviors in which the individual performs costly actions to benefit others?
Using the concept of inclusive fitness (and kin selection), explain how altruistic behavior (e.g. where an individual protects for another, even at their own expense) can evolve by natural selection? Make sure to explain what inclusive fitness is. (remember the concentric circles on the slide)
When discussing natural selection and behaviour, we often say that members of a species have certain behavioural traits because those traits are adaptive, in the sense that they increase inclusive fitness relative to alternative forms of those traits that have existed in the past. Instead of emphasizing the adaptiveness of behavioural traits, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on nervous system traits, increasing the prevalence within a population of particular patterns of neural circuitry and neurobiological mechanisms. As an alternative to emphasizing either the behaviour or the nervous system, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on genes; according to this perspective, certain forms of certain genes (ie., particular alleles) increase in prevalence within a population relative to alternative forms of those genes. Which, if any, of these three perspectives on natural selection and behaviour do you think is the most…