Concept explainers
The nitrogen content of organic compounds can be determinedby the Dumas method. The compound in questionis first reacted by passage over hot CuO(s):
The gaseous products are then passed through a concentratedsolution of KOH to remove the
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemical Principles
- The ore cinnabar (HgS) is an important source of mercury. Cinnabar is a red solid whose solubility in water is 5.5 X 10-2 mol L-1. Calculate its \p. What is its solubility' in grams per 100 g of water?arrow_forwardSimple acids such as formic acid, HCOOH, and acetic acid, CH3COOH, are very soluble in water; however, fatty acids such as stearic acid, CH3(CH2)16COOH, and palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH, are water-insoluble. Based on what you know about the solubility of alcohols, explain the solubility of these organic acids.arrow_forwardThe hydrocarbon naphthalene was frequently used in mothballs until recently, when it was discovered that human inhalation of naphthalene vapors can lead to hemolytic anemia. Naphthalene is 93.71% carbon by mass, and a 0.256-mole sample of naphthalene has a mass of 32.8 g. What is the molecular formula of naphthalene? This compound works as a pesticide in mothballs by. sublimation of the .solid so that it fumigates enclosed spaces with its vapors according to the equation Naphthalene(s)naphthalene(g)K=4.29106(at298K) If 3.00 g solid naphthalene is placed into an enclosed space with a volume of 5.00 L at 25C, what percentage of the naphthalene will have sublimed once equilibrium bas been established?arrow_forward
- Dissolving CaCO3 is an endothermic reaction. The following five graphs represent an experiment done on CaCO3. Match the experiment to the graph. (a) HCl is added. (b) The temperature is increased. (c) CaCl2 is added. (d) NaCl is added.arrow_forwardShow that the complete chemical equation, the total ionic equation, and the net ionic equation for the reaction represented by the equation KI(aq)+I2(aq)KI3(aq) give the same expression for the reaction quotient. KI3 is composed of the ions K+ and I3-.arrow_forwardIn an experiment to calculate the solubility product (Ksp) of barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2), an excess amount of Ba(NO3)2 was added to 2 liters of water at 25oC until the solution is saturated. Because Ba(NO3)2 is only slightly soluble in water, the excess Ba(NO3)2 was filtered out to get a solid-free mixture. The proponents of the experiment thought about using the concept of colligative properties, specifically boiling point elevation, to determine Ksp. It was observed in their experiments that the solution boils at 100.15 K. Barium nitrate dissociates via the process: Ba(NO3)2(s) ⇄ Ba2+(aq) + 2NO?-3(?q) Ksp = [Ba2+][NO3−]2 Calculate the following if Kb,water = 0.51 K-kg/mol: a) Amount of Ba(NO3)2 dissolved in grams. Molar mass of Ba(NO3)2 = 261.3 g/mol b) Solubility product, Ksp c) Vapor pressure of the solution in kPaarrow_forward
- 1 atm = 760 mm Hg R = 0.0821 L atm/ mol K K = °C + 273 PV = nRT Molar volume @ STP, 1 mole = 22.4L of ideal gas 1. The inflation of an automobile airbag involves several chemical reactions that produce nitrogen gas. One important reaction is listed below 10NA(s) + 2KNO3(s) –> K¿0(s) + 5N22O(s) + N2(g) If a side airbag contains 71.3 g Na and 75.9 g KNO3, to what pressure, in mm Hg, would a 5.30 L airbag inflate (due to the production of nitrogen gas) if the reaction occurs at a temperature of 72.0°C.arrow_forwardFor the reaction PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ⟷⟷ PCl5(g) at a particular temperature, Kc = 32.4. Suppose a system at that temperature is prepared with [PCl5] = 0.50 M, [Cl2] = 0.4 M, and [PCl3] = 0.10 M. Which of the following is correct? Group of answer choices the system will proceed in the direction of forming more PCl3 and PCl5 until equilibrium is reached. the system is at equilibrium. the system will proceed in the direction of forming more PCl5 until equilibrium is reached. the system will proceed in the direction of forming more PCl3 and Cl2 until equilibrium is reached. the system will proceed in the direction of forming more PCl5 and Cl2 until equilibrium is reached.arrow_forward1 atm = 760 mm Hg R = 0.0821 L atm/ mol K K = °C + 273 PV = nRT Molar volume @ STP, 1 mole = 22.4L of ideal gas 1. produce nitrogen gas. One important reaction is listed below The inflation of an automobile airbag involves several chemical reactions that 10NA(s) + 2KNO3(s) –> K2O(s) + 5Na2O(s) + N2(g) If a side airbag contains 71.3 g Na and 75.9 g KNO3, to what pressure, in mm Hg, would a 5.30 L airbag inflate (due to the production of nitrogen gas) if the reaction occurs at a temperature of 72.0°C.arrow_forward
- All ch 6. Which reaction favors the formation of product(s) as a result of increased pressure on the system according to Le Chatelier's principle? O H2lg) + l2(g) 2HI(g) N2(g) + 3H,(g) 2NH3(g) PCI3(s) PCI3(9) + Cl,lg) O Fe+3(aq) + 3SCN-(aq) = (Fe(CNs)+2(aq) PREVIOUS 6 of 25 NEXT US Lit op Ce ->arrow_forwardWhile ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is produced naturally by fermentation, e.g. in beer- and wine-making, industrially it is synthesized by reacting ethylene (CH2CH2) with water vapor at elevated temperatures. A chemical engineer studying this reaction fills a 500. mL flask with 4.6atm of ethylene gas and 4.2atm of water vapor. When the mixture has come to equilibrium he determines that it contains 2.7atm of ethylene gas and 2.3atm of water vapor. The engineer then adds another 1.5atm of ethylene, and allows the mixture to come to equilibrium again. Calculate the pressure of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.arrow_forward4 o When burning ethanol in a closed system, which of the following is the best claim and reasoning? The ethanol reaction stops because a bromthymol blue solution that's present turns the same color as when ethanol vapor is blown into the solution. O Water is produced because a bromthymol blue solution that's present turns the same color as when water vapor is blown into the solution. O Evaporated ethanol is produced because it burns. Carbon dioxide is produced because a bromthymol blue solution that's present turns the same color as when carbon dioxide is blown into the solution. 1 2 4. 6 7 8 Next acerarrow_forward
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