The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 48EAP
To determine
To Explain: The type of spectrum that can be expected to be seen from the glowing parts of the nebula.
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Why don’t we see hydrogen Balmer lines in the spectra of stars with temperatures of 3,200 K?
a.
There is no hydrogen in stars this cool.
b.
The stars are hot enough that most of the hydrogen is ionized and the atoms cannot absorb energy.
c.
These stars are so cool that nearly all of the hydrogen atoms are in the ground state.
d.
Stars of this temperature are too cool to produce an absorption spectrum.
e.
Stars of this temperature are too hot to produce an absorption spectrum.
57. Solar Power Collectors. This problem leads you through the
calculation and discussion of how much solar power can in
principle be collected by solar cells on Earth.
a. Imagine a giant sphere with a radius of 1 AU surrounding
the Sun. What is the surface area of this sphere, in square
meters? (Hint: The formula for the surface area of a
sphere is 4rr2.)
b. Because this imaginary giant sphere surrounds the Sun,
the Sun's entire luminosity of 3.8 × 1020 watts must pass
through it. Calculate the power passing through each
square meter of this imaginary sphere in watts per square
meter. Explain why this number represents the maximum
power per square meter that a solar collector in Earth
orbit can collect.
c. List several reasons why the average power per square
meter collected by a solar collector on the ground will
always be less than what you found in part b.
d. Suppose you want to put a solar collector on your roof. If
you want to optimize the amount of power you can
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Our Sun is considered an "average" star. What is the average star really like? Explain. Could you go out at night and point out an average star? Why or why not?
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 5VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 5 - Why do we say that light is an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 5 - List the different forms of light in order from...
Ch. 5 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 5 - What is electrical charge? Will an electron and a...Ch. 5 - Describe the phase changes of water as you heat...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 5 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 5 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 5 - Atomic Terminology Practice II. What are the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 5 - Human Wattage. A typical adult uses about 2500...Ch. 5 - Electric Bill. Your electric utility bill probably...Ch. 5 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 56EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 59EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 60EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 61EAP
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- . The spectrum of Star A peaks at 700 nm. The spectrum of Star B peaks at 470 nm. We know nothing about what stage of stellar evolution either of these stars are in. Which of the following are true? A. Star A has a higher luminosity than Star B. B. Star B has a higher luminosity than Star A. C. Star A is cooler than Star B. D. Not enough information to comment on their luminosities. E. B and C F. C and Darrow_forwardTutorial Star A has a temperature of 5,000 K and Star B has a temperature of 6,000 K. At what wavelengths (in nm) will each of these star's intensity be at its maximum? If the temperatures of the stars increase, the wavelength of maximum intensity. What is the temperature (in K) of a star that appears most intense at a wavelength of 829 nm? Part 1 of 4 Wien's Law tells us how the temperature of a star determines the wavelength of maximum intensity or at what wavelength the star appears brightest. 2.90 x 106 TK If the temperature is in kelvin (K) then A is in nanometers (nm). Anm ^A = AB = = Part 2 of 4 To determine the wavelengths of maximum intensity for the two stars: 2.90 x 106 2.90 x 106 K nm nmarrow_forward12. A star with spectral type MO has a surface temperature of 3750 K and a radius of 0.63 Rsun: How many times more luminous is this star than the Sun? (if it is less luminous enter a number less than one) Answer: Submit All Answers Last Answer: 0.0923 Incorrect, tries 1/5. Hint: Use the Luminosity equation, which says that L is proportional to R^2 T^4. If you keep these as ratios compared to the sun, your L will also come out as a ratio compared to the Sun. This star has a mass of 0.4 Msun- Using the simple approximation that we made in class, what is the main sequence lifetime of this star? You may assume that the lifetime of the sun is 1010 yr. Answer: Submit All Answers Compare this to the lifetime of a MO star listed in Table 22.1 (computed using a more sophisticated approach). Is the value you calculated in the previous problem longer or shorter than what is reported in the table? (L for longer, S for shorter) (You only get one try at this problem.) Answer: Submit All Answersarrow_forward
- 5. The two images below show a portion of the Trifid Nebula. The image on the left was made with visible light, while the image on the right (shown to the same scale) is an infrared image from the Spitzer Space Telescope. Explain why the dark streaks in the visible-light image appear bright in the infrared image. (a) Reflection nebula, Dust lanes Emission nebula. R I 10 pc www V U X G (b) wwwwww R V U X Garrow_forward5. A star whose temperature is 8000 K has a peak wavelength of 362.5 nm, according to Wien's Law. If the star is in the Andromeda Galaxy, which is moving towards us at about 402,000 km/hour, what would an observer on Earth see as the peak wavelength for this star (show your work, and use c = 300,000 km/s)?arrow_forwardAll massive main sequence stars reside in clouds of glowing gas. The four powerful stars in the center of the Orion Nebula are good examples. Lower mass stars like the Sun generally don't have clouds of gas around them. a. Why do powerful stars reside in gas clouds? b. What is making the gas glow exactly? For the last question, refer to the surface temperature of these stars, and to Wien's Law.arrow_forward
- A bright blue star is moving away from Earth. Which of the choices best completes the following statement describing the spectrum of this star? A(n) spectrum that is relative to an unmoving star. O A. absorption; redshifted O B. emission; redshifted O C. continuous; blueshifted D. continuous; redshifted O E. absorption; blueshiftedarrow_forwardLet’s say you’re looking for extrasolar planets. You observe a star that has a spectral shift in the line that is supposed to be at at 656.28011 nm – this star shows this line at 656.28005 nm. What is the radial velocity of star (in m/s) and in what direction in relation to you? a) 27.4 m/s, towards b) 27.4 km/s, away c) -27.4 m/s, toward d) -27.4 km/s, awayarrow_forwardSpectral types are an indicator of temperature. For the first 10 stars in Appendix J, the list of the brightest stars in our skies, estimate their temperatures from their spectral types. Use information in the figures and/or tables in this chapter and describe how you made the estimates.arrow_forward
- Describe the spectrum of each of the following: A. starlight reflected by dust, B. a star behind invisible interstellar gas, and C. an emission nebula.arrow_forwardChoose the correct statements concerning spectral classes of stars. (Give ALL correct answers, i.e., B, AC, BCD...) A) Neutral hydrogen lines dominate the spectrum for stars with temperatures around 10,000 K because a lot of the hydrogen is in the n=2 level. B) Hydrogen lines are weak in type O-stars because most of it is completely ionized. C) Oh Be A Fine Guy/Girl Kiss Me, is a mnemonic for remembering spectral classes. D) The spectral sequence has recently been expanded to include L, T, and Y classes. E) K-stars are dominated by lines from ionized helium because they are so hot. F) The spectral types of stars arise primarily as a result of differences in temperature.arrow_forwardAbsorption lines produced when starlight travels through the interstellar medium indicate that some components of the interstellar medium are cold and of a very low density because a. the lines are blueshifted. b. the lines are redshifted. c. the lines are extremely broad. d. the lines are extremely narrow. e. the lines are much darker than the stellar lines.arrow_forward
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