The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 5, Problem 60EAP
(a)
To determine
To Calculate:The average power
(b)
To determine
To Calculate: The average surface temperature of the sun using answer from part a, and Stefan Boltzmann law,
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
QUESTION 1
Estimate The Temperature For A Planet In Other Solar System (Questions 1-3)
Let us assume scientists just discovered a planet orbiting a star in an extra-solar system. The star has a surface temperature Ts = 10000 Kelvins and a radius Sr = 1x109 meters. Scientists also measured the distance (D)
between the star and the planet as D = 2 AU - 3.0x1011 meters.
The solar power per unit area from the star's surface (Ps) can be calculated from the star's surface temperature Ts (10000 Kelvins) by the Stefen-Boltzman law Ps=0(Ts)4, where o is Stefen-Boltzman constant (5.67 x 10-8
Watt/meter2/Kelvin4). What is the solar power per unit area from the star's surface (Ps)?
O Ps ~ 2.87 x 108 Watt/meter2
O
Ps ~ 5.67 x 108 Watt/meter2
O
O
Ps ~ 2.87 x 10 Watt/meter2
Watt/meter²
Ps ~ 5.67 x 10⁹
QUESTION 2
The solar power (Ps) decreases from the star's surface to the distance at the planet. Assuming the solar power per unit area at the distance of the planet as Pp, we have Pp=Ps(Sr/D)2, where…
Use Wien's Law to calculate the peak wavelength of light coming from the Sun. Assume T=5800 K for the surface temperature of the Sun. Wein's displacement law says that the blackbody temperature and peak wavelength multiplied together give a constant of 0.29 cm-K. (K is degrees Kelvin).
Convert the wavelength from part A into a frequency. The product of wavelength and frequency for electromagnetic radiation is a constant, the speed of light (c), 3 x 10^10 cm/s.
1.1) In a star's core the average mass number for ions which are not hydrogen or
helium is 10. The mass fractions of hydrogen is 0.60, of helium is 0.38, and all other
elements is 0.02. Calculate the average ion mass in units of mH.
1.2) Explain two assumptions behind the Kelvin-Helmholtz timescale.
1.3) In the outer core of a massive star the temperature is 108 K. The mean particle
weight is u = 0.62. Calculate the density of this region if the radiation pressure is
equal to the thermal pressure.
1.4) For temperatures around 1.5 x 10' K in a stellar core, describe why it is hydrogen
instead of heavier ions which undergo fusion. Also, when the temperature is higher,
describe why higher mass ions can undergo fusion.
1.5) Describe two possible causes of convective instability in the outer regions of a
low mass star.
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 5VSCCh. 5 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 5 - Why do we say that light is an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 5 - List the different forms of light in order from...
Ch. 5 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 5 - What is electrical charge? Will an electron and a...Ch. 5 - Describe the phase changes of water as you heat...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 5 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 5 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 5 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 5 - Atomic Terminology Practice II. What are the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 5 - Human Wattage. A typical adult uses about 2500...Ch. 5 - Electric Bill. Your electric utility bill probably...Ch. 5 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 56EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 59EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 60EAPCh. 5 - Prob. 61EAP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 1. The Sun radiates energy like a black body with temperature 5800 K. Use the Stefan-Boltzmann Law to calculate the Sun's Luminosity (which is the Sun's Surface Area times the Flux radiated per unit surface area. Use the following parameters: Sun's Radius = R = 6.96 x 1010 cm Stefan-Boltzmann Const = s = 5.67 x 10-5 ergs/cm2 K4 sSun's Temperature = T = 5800 K Formula for Luminosity: L = 4pR2 sT 4 What is the Sun's Luminosity? __________ ergs/sarrow_forwardDetermine the wavelengths for the following black body radiation sources where they emit the most energy. Part A A blue-white star at 44,000 K. Express your answer with the appropriate units. Amax star Submit = μA Value m Previous Answers Request Answer www X Incorrect; Try Again; 27 attempts remaining ?arrow_forwardThe spectrum of a typical star shows absorption lines at different wavelengths than their laboratory values. If the observed wavelength is greater than its laboratory value of 656.3 nm, one can conclude that ... A. The separation between Earth and the star is decreasing. B. The separation between Earth and the star is increasing. O C. The separation between Earth and the star is unchanging D. No conclusion is possible.arrow_forward
- You are an astronomer and are searching for planets in other stellar systems for which conditions on the surface of the planets are similar to the Earth. You have identified a candidate star, Tycho1601 that you know has same size to the Sun but 1.4 times the surface temperature of the Sun (our Sun). Around that star there are four planetsrotating around it. You are about to invest valuable telescope time in studying the individual planets which one you start with?A) Planet TychoA located at a distance that is half the distance between our Earth and our Sun.B) Planet TychoB located at a distance that is equal to the distance between our Earth and our Sun.C) Planet TychoC located at a distance that is double the distance between our Earthand our Sun.D) Planet TychoD located at a distance that is ten times the distance between our Earth and our Sun.arrow_forwardIn the deep space between galaxies, the number density of atoms is as low as 106 atoms/m3, and the temperature is a frigid 2.7 K. a. What is the pressure, in pascals, in the region between galaxies? b. What volume, in cubic meters, is occupied by 4.5 mol of gas? c. If this volume is a cube, what is the length of one of its edges, in kilometers?arrow_forwardSuppose YOUR body temperature averages 98.6 F. 1. How much radiant energy in Wm^-2 is emitted from YOUR body? 2. What is the total radiant energy in W that is emitted from YOUR body? 3. At what wavelength does YOUR body emit the largest amount of radiant energy?arrow_forward
- What is the vrms of hydrogen on the surface of the sun if its temperature is 5.36E3 degC? What is the vrms of hydrogen on the surface of the earth if its temperature is 21.2 degC?arrow_forwardBarnard’s star is an orange star in the constellation Ophiuchus. It has the largest known proper motion (10.3577"/yr) and the fourth-largest parallax angle (0.54901"). In the spectrum of this star, the H alpha line is observed to have a wavelength of 656.034 nm when measured from the ground. a. Determine the radial velocity of Barnard’s star. b. Determine the transverse velocity of Barnard’s star. c. Calculate the speed of Barnard’s star through space.arrow_forwardEarth's daylight surface disk absorbs about 1036 W per m2 from the Sun. Using 6400 km for the Earth's radius, how much of this radiative power is emitted by each square meter of the spherical Earth? Hint: Compare the ratio of the disk area to the spherical surface area.arrow_forward
- Explain how we use spectral absorption and emission lines to determine the composition of a gas.arrow_forwardB2. A spherical star is detected by an astronaut in a spacecraft at a distance z of 1.5×10¹2 kilometers. The star can be regarded as a blackbody with a temperature of 11,300 K. The radius r of the star is 3.5×106 kilometers. (a) Calculate the radiant exitance and the radiant intensity of the star. (b) Calculate the irradiance that can be detected by the astronaut. (c) The photodetector used by the astronaut in the spacecraft has a responsivity of 120 kV/W and an photosensitive area of 0.5 mm². Calculate the output voltage of the detector in the detection of the star. CAMINS +II+ Figure B2arrow_forwardProblem 1 a. Derive an expression for the parallax angle as a function of the distance to the observed object. b. Based on this expression, is it easier to measure distances to nearby or faraway objects?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStax
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax