Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119390114
Author: Black
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 5, Problem 3.2SC
Summary Introduction
To find: The risk that a spore-forming bacterial species would run if it did not produce any spores until the conditions become adverse.
Introduction: A tough, dormant, non-reproductive structure produced by certain species of bacteria is termed as endospore. The main function of this endospore is to ensure the survival of the bacterium under unfavorable environmental conditions.
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How will the following factors contribute to the ability ofbacteria to invade the host?A. Antigenic variationB. Penetration into the Host cell cytoskeleton
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Once these pathogens enter the host the difference in environmental conditions signals for them to germinate and turn into growing cells. Compare Inhalation anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) to Tetanus (Clostridium tetani). Besides endospores used in transmission, what is a simple explanation to help explain how each microbe survives and grows in each location?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
Ch. 5 - Are viruses prokaryotes? Eukaryotes? Why or why...Ch. 5 - Compare surface-to-volume ratios of prokaryotes...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1.3SCCh. 5 - Prokaryotes lack mitochondria. What structure does...Ch. 5 - Compare peptidoglycan and teichoic acid as to...Ch. 5 - What takes place in the periplasmic space? Which...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2.3SCCh. 5 - Compare the cell walls of Gram-positive,...Ch. 5 - How do bacteria move in chemotaxis? Distinguish...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3.2SC
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- 13) A certain bacterial colony originated from the division of a single bacterial cell. Each cell in this colony will most likely A) express adaptations unlike those of the other cells B) synthesize the same proteins and enzymes C) have a resistance to different antibiotics D) replicate different numbers of genesarrow_forwardWhy do you think an infection caused by an endospore former might be harder to treat than one caused by a non-spore former?arrow_forwardIn 1928, British bacteriologist Alexander Fleming made an accidental discovery. He noticed that a fungus had contaminated one of the agar plates he had streaked with a bacterial species to be studied. The fungus prevented the bacteria from growing in the immediate area surrounding the fungus. Upon further investigation, Fleming found that the fungus produced a substance that was the agent responsible for killing the bacteria. He called this substance penicillin. Given this information, which statement best explains why Fleming's discovery is relevant to the general public today? O Fleming's attention to detail diverted his efforts to investigate bacteria and likely robbed humanity of important discoveries that he would have otherwise made. Fleming's sloppiness in the lab serves as a reminder to all researchers that sterile technique is critical to preventing unwanted fungal growth on bacterial plates. Fleming's discovery enabled the development of chemical substances as antibiotics to…arrow_forward
- List four diseases caused by spore-forming bacteria.arrow_forwardIn 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture dishes. He noticed that a mold called Penicillium was also growing in some of the dishes. A clear area existed around the mold because all the bacteria that had grown in this area had died. In the culture dishes without the mold, no clear areas were present. Fleming hypothesized that the mold must be producing a chemical that killed the bacteria. He decided to isolate this substance and test it to see if it would kill bacteria. Fleming transferred the mold to a nutrient broth solution. This solution contained all the materials the mold needed to grow. After the mold grew, he removed it from the nutrient broth. Fleming then added the nutrient broth in which the mold had grown to a culture of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria died which was later used to develop antibiotics used to treat a variety of diseases. (Biology Corner) 1. What was the initial observation Fleming made? 2. What was…arrow_forwardWhy does one microbe cause disease, whereas another,closely related species is completely harmless?arrow_forward
- Is the bacteria staphylococci harmful to humans?arrow_forwardA boy with advanced Duchenne muscular dystrophy developedpulmonary edema (accumulation of fluid in the lungs) and pneumoniacaused by a bacterial infection. His physician diagnosed the conditionin the following way: The pulmonary edema was the result of heartfailure, and the increased fluid in the lungs provided a site wherebacteria could invade and grow. The fact that the boy could notbreathe deeply or cough effectively made the condition worse. Howwould the muscle tissues in a boy with advanced DMD differ from themuscle tissues in a boy with less advanced DMD?arrow_forwardWhich statement about Yersinia pestis is false?a) Conditions inside human phagocytes activate virulence genes.b) The bacterium can form biofilms in the flea digestive system.c) Yops protein increases phagocytosis.d) The organism resembles a safety pin in certain stained preparations.e) It was responsible for the “black death” in Europe during the 1300s.arrow_forward
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