n 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture dishes. He noticed that a mold called Penicillium was also growing in some of the dishes. A clear area existed around the mold because all the bacteria that had grown in this area had died. In the culture dishes without the mold, no clear areas were present. Fleming hypothesized that the mold must be producing a chemical that killed the bacteria. He decided to isolate this substance and test it to see if it would kill bacteria. Fleming transferred the mold to a nutrient broth solution. This solution contained all the materials the mold needed to grow. After the mold grew, he removed it from the nutrient broth. Fleming then added the nutrient broth in which the mold had grown to a culture of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria died which was later used to develop antibiotics used to treat a variety of diseases. (Biology Corner)   1. What was the initial observation Fleming made?   2. What was Fleming's hypothesis?   3. How did Fleming test his hypothesis?    4. Fleming's experiment lead to the development of what major medical advancement?

Tom streak plated an Unknown bacterium on Monday. On Wednesday, her plate showed a continuous streak of growth in two colors, but no distinct single colonies. List two possible reasons for these observations and why they may have affected the streak.

If you do not see single colonies on some of the plates, explain what might have happened to the bacteria?

Some antibiotics show no zone of inhibition against the microbe. How is this possible? Explain how the microbe is able to combat against the antibiotic with proper reasoning.

You are a doctor at a field hospital deep in the Amazon jungle. A local villager comes to you sick with nausea, diarrhea and vomiting and you suspect they may have food poisoning. Several different types of bacteria can cause food poisoning including Campylobacter jejuni, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella tyhphirium. How will using a microscope help you to identify which of the three bacteria are responsible for making your patient sick so that you can administer the correct antibiotic?

You have isolated a strain of E.coli that is resistant to penicillin,streptomycin,chloramphenicol and tetracycline. You also observe that when you mix this strain with a strain that is sensitive to all four antibiotics, the new strain becomes resistant to streptomycin,penicillin and chloramphenicol but not tetracycline. Explain how this is so?

Which of the following is a correct way to write a bacterial name? O 1) Escherichia coli O 2) Staphylococcus Aureus O 3) STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS O 4) bacillus Subtilis O 5) pseudomonas aeruginosa

If the bacterium in question during the perlo outbreak had beenE. coli instead of S. aureus, how might the outbreak have changed?

Jessie is working with a 100% stock concentration of Clorox. She decides to add 100 µL of bacteria to a tube containing 3 mL of nutrient broth and then adds 400µL of the Clorox stock to the tube as well. What is the unknown concentration of the tube?

The majority of antibiotics used in the clinic aremade as natural products by bacteria. Why do you supposebacteria make the very agents we use to kill them?