Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 13RQ
How does the sodium-potassium pump make the interior of the cell negatively charged?
- by expelling anions
- by pulling in anions
- by expelling more cations than are taken in
- by taking in and expelling an equal number of cations
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Which is the proper order of permeability the following solutes would show when it moves across a semi-permeable membrane? (from most permeable to least permeable)
benzene, imidazole group of histidine, galactose, potassium ions
galactose, potassium ions, imidazole group of histidine, benzene
benzene, potassium ions, imidazole group of histidine, galactose
potassium ions, galactose, benzene, imidazole group of histidine
A hypothetical cell has a higher concentration of sodium ions outside the cell than inside the cell but an equal amount of chloride outside the cell and inside the cell. Based on its electrochemical gradient, which direction would chloride ions move across the cell membrane?
When two chambers are separated by a membrane permeable to water but not solute, if water is free to move in either direction without limitation or pressure, then water will
move until the concentration of solute on both sides of the chamber is equal
move until there is no water on the dilute side
move until there is no water on the concentrated side
move until the concentration of water on both sides of the chamber is equal
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 5 - Figure 5.12 A doctor injects a patient with what...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.16 Injecting a potassium solution into a...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.19 If the pH outside the cell decreases,...Ch. 5 - Which plasma membrane component can be either...Ch. 5 - Which characteristic of a phospholipid contributes...Ch. 5 - What is the primary function of carbohydrates...Ch. 5 - A scientist compares the plasma membrane...Ch. 5 - Water moves via osmosis. throughout the cytoplasm...Ch. 5 - The principal force driving movement in diffusion...Ch. 5 - What problem is faced by organisms that live in...
Ch. 5 - In which situation would passive transport not use...Ch. 5 - Active transport must function continuously...Ch. 5 - How does the sodium-potassium pump make the...Ch. 5 - What is the combination of an electrical gradient...Ch. 5 - What happens to the membrane of a vesicle after...Ch. 5 - Which transport mechanism can bring whole cells...Ch. 5 - In what important way does receptor-mediated...Ch. 5 - Many viruses enter host cells through receptor-...Ch. 5 - Which of the following organelles relies on...Ch. 5 - Imagine a cell can perform exocytosis, but only...Ch. 5 - Why is it advantageous for the cell membrane to be...Ch. 5 - Why do phospholipids rend to spontaneously orient...Ch. 5 - How can a cell use an extracellular peripheral...Ch. 5 - Discuss why the following affect the rate of...Ch. 5 - Why does water move through a membrane?Ch. 5 - Both of the regular intravenous solutions...Ch. 5 - Describe two ways that decreasing temperature...Ch. 5 - A cell develops a mutation in its potassium...Ch. 5 - Where does the cell get energy for active...Ch. 5 - How does the sodium-potassium pump contribute to...Ch. 5 - Glucose from digested food enters intestinal...Ch. 5 - The sodium/calcium exchanger (NCX) transports...Ch. 5 - Why is it important that there are different types...Ch. 5 - Why do ions have a difficult time getting through...
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- Which of the following positively-charged ions is about 15 times more concentrated outside of the cell than inside (useful for the action potential of a neuron)? chloride bicarbonate calcium magnesium sodiumarrow_forwardAlanine is an example of an uncharged solute. In the image below, indicate whether the most favorable movement of alanine would be inwards (into the cell) or outwards (out of the cell). Briefly explain your answer. Alanine= Uncharged solutes Alanine 0.1 mM Extracellular space Alanine 2 mM cellarrow_forwardWhich of the following positively-charged ions is about 28 times more concentrated inside of the cell than outside (useful for the action potential of a neuron)? chloride magnesium bicarbonate potassium calciumarrow_forward
- what happens to cells when the concentrations of nonpenetrating solutes across the cell membrane are changed?arrow_forwardSome antibiotics act as carriers that bind an ion on one side of a membrane, diffuse through the membrane, and release the ion on the other side. The graph shows the conductance of a lipid-bilayer membrane with a carrier antibiotic as a function of temperature. Conductance 40 39 38 Temperature (°C) 37 36 What can you conclude about the effect of a carrier antibiotic on the conductance of the lipid-bilayer membrane? A carrier antibiotic decreases the conductance of a lipid bilayer, regardless of temperature. A carrier antibiotic can shuttle ions across a membrane only when the lipid bilayer is quite rigid. A carrier antibiotic increases the conductance of a lipid bilayer, regardless of temperature. O A carrier antibiotic can shuttle ions across a membrane only when the lipid bilayer is highly fluid.arrow_forwardWhich of the following substances brought into cells by receptor mediated endocytosis? Na+ ion O Cholesterol Glycine Glucosearrow_forward
- difference between channels and transporters is that O Only channels allow for the passage of solutes against their electrochemical gradient. OTransporters allow for a greater rate of transport across a membrane than channels do. O Only channels allow for the transport of ions. Transporters must undergo a conformational change upon binding to the solute.arrow_forwardWhich of the following molecules can freely diffuse across the membrane? Glucose None of these Water K+ ionsarrow_forwardThis cell is permeable to Urea, but not permeable to sucrose. Intracellular impermeant molecules cannot cross the plasma membrane. The bath solution is ‘infinite volume’. Bath Solution: 250 mM Sucrose 250 mM Urea Is this solution Hypoosmotic, Isoosmotic, or Hyperosmotic? Immediately after this cell is placed in the bath will it swell, shrink, or remain the same? Fill in this table for equilibrium conditions for each ion. Consider solute movement ONLY. in (mM) out (mM) Intracellular impermeants Sucrose Urea At equilibrium, will the cell swell, shrink, or remain the same volume? Is this solution hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic?arrow_forward
- One of the most important substances to be transported into cells by facilitated diffusion is: water sodium lipid glucosearrow_forwardDuring diffusion, what happens when the concentration of solutes on both sides of the biological membrane is the same? A) The solutes will move across the biological membrane towards the inside of the cell. B The solutes will move across the biological membrane to the outside of the cell. © The solutes will stop moving across the biological membrane. D The solutes will continue to move across the biological membrane in both directions.arrow_forwardEquilibrium means all of the following except (which is false?) the concentration gradient for a solute is the same on either side of the membrane. molecules are in equal concentration and therefore no longer move across the membrane. there is no net movement molecules across a membrane. the water concentration is equal on either side of the membrane.arrow_forward
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