What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319065447
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 5, Problem 12SA
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
Why a lack of oxygen limits the breakdown of fuel in most organisms.
Introduction:
Oxygen is the final acceptor of electrons in
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The higher the altitude, the lower the oxygen level in air. Climbers of very tall mountains risk altitude sickness, which is an illness characterized by shortness of breath, weakness, dizziness, and confusion. The early symptoms of cyanide poisoning are the same as those for altitude sickness. Cyanide binds tightly to cytochrome c oxidase, the protein that reduces oxygen molecules in the final step of mitochondrial electron transfer chains. Cytochrome c oxidase with bound cyanide can no longer transfer electrons. Explain why cyanide poisoning starts with the same symptoms as altitude sickness.
The energy produced during respiration is placed into what energy molecule?
Glucose
Adenonsine Triphosphate (ATP)
Light Energy
The higher the altitude the lower the oxygen level in air. Climbers of very tall mountains risk altitude sickness which is characterized by shortness of breath, weakness, dizziness, and confusion. The early symptoms of cyanide poisoning are the same as those for altitude sickness.
Cyanide binds tightly to cytochrome c oxidase, a protein complex that is the last component of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. Cytochrome c oxidase with bound cyanide can no longer transfer electrons.
Explain why cyanide poisoning starts with the same symptoms as altitude sickness.
Chapter 5 Solutions
What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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- During cellular respiration, organic molecules (e.g., glucose) and oxygen are consumed, and carbon dioxide (CO2) and ATP are produced.What is happening to the energy in this system?1.Energy is being transformed from glucose into CO for immediate use in the body.2.Energy is being transformed from glucose into COy for long-term storage in the body3.Energy is being transformed from glucose into ATP for immediate use in the body.4. Energy is being transformed from glucose into ATP for long-term storage in the bodyarrow_forwardCells require O2to serve as a final electron acceptor in the process of cellular respiration, a series of enzymatic reactions that function to oxidize organic molecules to produce ATP. CO2 is a byproduct of cellular respiration and needs to be removed from tissues. The human respiratory system works with the circulatory system to move these gases around the human body. Below is a series of steps in the process of gas exchange. Reorganize the steps so that they are in the correct order. We have listed the first step in this process below (see “START”). Organize the remaining steps.START: Rib cage and diaphragm muscles contract, increasing the volume of the lungs, creating negative pressure allowing for fresh air to enter the lungs. 1. O2dissociates from hemoglobin and diffuses out of red blood cell across systemic capillaries2. Blood containing oxygenated hemoglobin (in red blood cells) move through arteries to systemic capillaries3. CO2diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli…arrow_forwardDefine biological oxygen demand.arrow_forward
- Is the following statement true or false? Unlike animals, which make many ATP by aerobic respiration, plants make all of their ATP by photosynthesis.arrow_forwardDuring aerobic respiration, in the mitochondria of animal cells, when diatomic oxygen molecules (O2) are consumed, to which of the following product molecules are these oxygen atoms going? to C6H12O6, O2, and H2O only to C6H12O6 only to CO2 and C6H12O6 only to H2O only to C6H12O6 and O2, onlyarrow_forwardHuman muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to produce ATP without O2. regenerate NADH. produce ATP using the electron transport chain. produce more ATP than is possible through aerobic respiration.arrow_forward
- Explain three factors that affect an animal’s metabolic rate.arrow_forwardWhy are energy carriers thought of as either “full” or “empty”?arrow_forwardIs the following statement true or false? Unlike animals,which make many ATP by aerobic respiration, plantsmake all of their ATP by photosynthesisarrow_forward
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