What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319065447
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 5, Problem 8MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Alcoholic beverages are produced by fermentation.
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Some friends are trying to make wine in their basement. They've added yeast (which is a facultative anaerobe - it can perform both aerobic respiration and fermentation) to a sweet grape juice mixture and have allowed the yeast to grow. After several days they find that sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped, but there's no alcohol in the mixture. The most likely explanation is that
the mixture needs less oxygen, because yeast only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen
the mixture needs less sugar, because high sugar concentrations prevent fermentation
the mixture needs more sugar, because yeast need a lot of energy before they can begin to produce alcohol
the yeast used the alcohol as a carbon source
the mixture needs more oxygen, because yeast need oxygen to break down sugar and get enough energy to produce alcohol
Which of the following DOES NOT describe Cellular Respiration? *
a. It provides cells with the energy they need to function.
b. Cellular respiration is essential to both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells because
this biochemical energy is produced to fuel many metabolic processes, such as
biosynthesis, locomotion, and transportation of molecules across membranes
c. Without the process of cellular respiration, there is no gaseous exchange and the
cells, tissue and other organs die due to the lack of oxygen and by the accumulation
of carbon dioxide within the cells and tissues.
d. Cellular respiration is a type of passive cell transport. Molecules move from areas
O of high concentration to areas of low concentration in order to decrease the
concentration gradient
Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? a. Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment. b. Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs. c. Only heterotrophs have mitochondria. d. Only autotrophs can live on nutrients that are entirely inorganic
Chapter 5 Solutions
What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Anaerobic respiration differs from aerobic respiration in that . . A. the electron transport chain is not used in anaerobic respiration. B. more ATP is produced in the TCA cycle of anaerobic respiration. C. only aerobes can use glucose. D.anaerobes employ a different final electron acceptor than aerobes.arrow_forwardWhen making bread with common yeast, the reaction starts as an aerobic process and then becomes an anaerobic process after the oxygen is spent. A baker has created a new strain of yeast which contains no cytochrome c gene and, thus, no cytochrome c protein. This will affect what the yeast strain can do to obtain energy. What will this yeast strain do more of, compared to a normal strain? A. electron transport B. carbon dioxide production C. fermentation D. ATP synthesisarrow_forwardDiscuss the effects of the following factors in the rate of cellular respiration: a. temperature b. substrate availability c.woundingarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements best explains the general process of cellular respiration? A. Living organisms use energy from the sun and water to create food in the form of sugar. B. Living organisms take in oxygen and water to create food in the form of sugars and energy. C. Living organisms breakdown sugar from food to combine with oxygen making usable energy. D. Living organisms take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide through the cells thereby providing energy. 2.arrow_forwardThe above product water molecules are generated in which eukaryotic cell compartment?A. the mitochondrial matrix (site of the Krebs cycle)B. the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts (site of photosystems I and II)C. the chloroplast stroma (site of the Calvin cycle)D. the inner mitochondrial membrane (site of electron transport)E. the cytoplasm (site of glycolysis)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about cellular respiration is TRUE in eukaryotes? A. For every molecule of NADH oxidized in the electron transport chain, 1 molecule of ATP is produced. B. ATP synthase harnesses the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space to produce ATP. C. ATP synthase transduces the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix into kinetic (mechanical) energy D. H2O is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, being oxidized to O2 and H+. E. All of the above are truearrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is false? A. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria may form hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a product of the oxidation. B. Dissimilatory reduction of metals such as Fe3+ to Fe2+ represents anaerobic respiration. C. The nitrification reactions carried out by certain bacteria would be considered lithotrophy. D. Denitrification reactions would be considered anaerobic respiration.arrow_forwardA) B) D) A moose eats a lily pad. Consider the model above. The lily pad produces materials (D) used by the moose in cellular respiration. The moose, then, produces materials (B) used by the lily pad in the process of photosynthesis. Given this information, what belon in the model in the place marked A? ATP water oxygen Cellular respiration glucose MITOCHONDRION (animal cell) CHLOROPLAST (plant cell) Photosynthesisarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the most likely explanation for a situation where the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (ETC) does not produce ATP in the presence of oxygen. a. A toxin has disrupted the Krebs Cycle b. A toxin has altered a protein in the ETC c. Too much NADH has been produced in the Krebs Cycle d. Too much NADH has been produced in Glycolysisarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements describes the end step for the electron transport chain? A. H+ ions flow down the gradient to generate ATP B. electrons are transferred to NADH and FADH2 for chemiosmosis C. electrons are transferred to oxygen, causing it to split and take up H+ ions, which form water D. H+ are pumped across the inner membrane of mitochondria to establish an electrochemical gradientarrow_forwardWhich of the following directly powers the production of ATP? A.Electron transport chain B. Photosystem I C. Proton gradient D. Electromagnetic radiationarrow_forwardWhich of the following is one difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration? a. Fermentation uses oxygen to produce ATP and anaerobic respiration does not b. Fermentation harvests more energy from each sugar molecule than anaerobic respiration. c. Anaerobic respiration utilizes an electron transport chain while fermentation does not d. Anaerobic respiration utilizes glycolysis while fermentation does not.arrow_forward
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