Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 48.2, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The mechanism by which constant and unidirectional flow of air is maintained by birds.
Introduction:
The birds have a unidirectional flow of air which enables them to prevent mixing of pure and impure air. Unlike humans, where pure and impure have a mixing tendency, the lungs of the birds stop mixing and as a result, the partial pressure of oxygen is more in case of birds.
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Describe the respiratory system of birds and how it allows oxygen-rich air to enter the lungs during both inhalation and exhalation.
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Life: The Science of Biology
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- Name the airways in the mammalian lung. What are their functions? How does air enter and leave the lung?arrow_forwardDuring bird ventilation, the lungs and air sacs are all full at the same time as respiration takes place continuously? true or falsearrow_forwardWhat is the gas exchangeunit of the mammalian lungs?arrow_forward
- How does gas exchange differ among the following animals: earthworm, grasshopper, fish, and bird?arrow_forwardExplain how ventilation in bird lungs differs from that in mammalian lungs, including the advantage of the avian system over the mammalian one. please help with eamplesarrow_forwardHow do most insects respire?arrow_forward
- Compare the efficiency of fish gills with mammalian lungs.arrow_forwardCreate a hand drawn flow diagram showing how gases enter, travel, and exit the body of the birds. Use keywords and arrows only.arrow_forwardWhat are the vital considerations in the coordinated and efficient functions of respiratory and circulatory systems of invertebrates and vertebrates?arrow_forward
- Why is an internal location for gas exchange tissues advantageous for terrestrial animals?arrow_forwardDescribe the respiratory system of lizard?arrow_forwardBecause flight is metabolically demanding, birds have very efficient systems that help to meet these demands. Look at the following list of characteristics and choose those that contribute to the physiological demands of flight. One-way airflow respiration Endothermy Large heart Nucleated red blood cells Slow heart rate Two-cycle lung ventilation Air sacs Separate pulmonary / systemic circulation Air capillariesarrow_forward
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