BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 44, Problem 7A
Mild vitamin D deficiency can lead to osteoporosis, or reduced bone mineral density. This is thought to be due to an association with increased levels of
a. calcitonin, which leads to an increase in serum Ca2+ and bone loss.
b. PTH, which leads to an increase in serum Ca2+ and bone loss.
c. ADH, which reduces blood pressure and leads to bone loss.
d. insulin, which leads to a decrease in blood glucose and bone loss.
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Students have asked these similar questions
A patient with parathyroid deficiency 10 days after inadvertent damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery would probably have
A. a low plasma calcium level, increased membrane permeability to sodium, increased muscular excitability, and muscle spasms or twitching.
B. a high plasma calcium level, decreased membrane permeability to sodium, and bone demineralization.
C. low plasma phosphate and calcium levels, decreased muscular excitability, and bone demineralization.
D. a high plasma calcium level, increased muscular excitability, and bone demineralization.
E. a low plasma calcium level, decreased membrane permeability to sodium, increased muscular excitability, and muscle spasms or twitching.
Hyposecretion of hGH during childhood results in a condition called dwarfism. Children affected with hyposecretion of hGH do not reach normal heights. In contrast, adults affected with hyposecretion of hGH
Select one:
a. will have normal height and suffer from acromegaly
b. will not have normal height and may suffer from acromegaly
c. will have decreased fat mass and increased muscle mass
d. will have increased fat mass and decreased muscle mass
Hypersecretion of growth hormonea. results in gigantism if it occurs in children.b. causes acromegaly in adults.c. increases the probability that a person will develop diabetes.d. can lead to severe atherosclerosis.e. All of these are correct.
Chapter 44 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.3 - Describe the connections between the hypothalamus,...Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 44.4 - Describe the components of Ca2+ homeostasis.Ch. 44.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44 - Prob. 1DACh. 44 - Prob. 1IQCh. 44 - Which of the following best describes hormones? a....Ch. 44 - Steroid hormones a. can diffuse through the...Ch. 44 - Second messengers are activated in response to a....Ch. 44 - Which of the following is true about lipophilic...Ch. 44 - An organ is classified as part of the endocrine...Ch. 44 - Hormones released from the pituitary gland have...Ch. 44 - Prob. 7UCh. 44 - You think one of your teammates is using anabolic...Ch. 44 - Your Uncle Sal likes to party. When he goes out...Ch. 44 - Prob. 3ACh. 44 - Prob. 4ACh. 44 - Prob. 5ACh. 44 - You experience a longer period than normal between...Ch. 44 - Mild vitamin D deficiency can lead to...Ch. 44 - How can blocking hormone production decrease...Ch. 44 - Suppose that two different organs, such as the...Ch. 44 - Many physiological parameters, such as blood Ca2+...
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- Growth hormone therapy has been widely used to help people with dwarfism and has helped certain individuals to become taller. Which hormone would supplement or enhance the effects of hGH? Select one: a. calcitonin b. cortisol c. inhibin d. parathyroidarrow_forwardTumors that affect the pituitary can lead to decreases in some, but not all, hormones released by the pituitary. A patient with such a tumor exhibits fatigue, weight loss, and low blood sugar. This is probably due to lack of production of a. GH, which leads to loss of muscle mass. b. ACTH, which leads to loss of production of glucocorticoids. c. TSH, which leads to loss of production of thyroxin. d. ADH, which leads to excess urine production.arrow_forwardGrowth hormone therapy has been widely used to help people with dwarfism and has helped certain individuals to become taller. Some recent studies have identified another hormone as potentially beneficial, which is given in conjunction with growth hormone. Given their general function, which hormone would supplement or enhance the effects of hGH? Select one: a. calcitonin b. cortisol c. inhibin d. parathyroidarrow_forward
- Ketosis is not likely to occur in acromegaly because: a. GH is not lipolytic hormone b. GH inhibits beta oxidation c. GH stimulates lipoprotein lipase d. Most individuals with acromegaly have sufficient insulin production to suppress ketosis.arrow_forwardndicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement or provide a briefexplanation for why it is false.a. Insulin increases the rate of glucose uptake by the tissues.b. Glucagon is the hormone that signals low blood glucose levels.c. The muscles can use glucose, fatty acids and ketone bodies for fuel.d. Epinephrine stimulates breakdown of glycogen in muscles when there is an immediate needfor energy by muscle cells.e. Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis to maintain the blood glucose concentration.f. With high [carbohydrate] levels, excess glucose (after glycogen storage has reached amaximum) is converted to fat.g. The high potential electrons of NADH enter the respiratory chain at NADH-Q reductase.h. Ubiquinol (QH2) is also the entry point for electrons from NADH of flavoproteins.i. Cytochrome reductase catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to O2.arrow_forwardGigantism is a disease that Select one: A. is caused by deficiency of GHRH. B. occurs in adults. C. is characterized by excessive growth of long bones. D. is treated by recombinant growth hormone. E. can lead to hyperpituitarism.arrow_forward
- An increase of insulin level causes A. A decrease in the concentration of blood glucose B. A decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose C. An increase in the production of glucose from glycogen D. None of these 2. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by A. Glucose in the urine B. Excessive urine production C. Dehydration D. All of these 3.Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by A. Excess sugar in the diet B. Obesity C. A disorder of the immune system D. An effect of aging 4.Treatment of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus usually involves A. Controlling the diet B. Exercising regularly…arrow_forwardWhich of the following hormones increases blood calcium levels?a. calcitonin b. thyroxine (T4)c. parathyroid hormone d. mineralocorticoidarrow_forwardThyroid cancer results when the cells in the thyroid gland divide uncontrollably. Individuals who have excessive exposure to radiation may have higher chance of getting thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer can be treated through surgery, iodine therapy, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy. What is the purpose of prescribing thyroxine medication for patients following the surgical removal of the thyroid gland? Select one: a. to decrease TRH and increase TSH levels b. to increase TRH and TSH levels c. to decrease TRH and TSH levels d. to increase TRH and decrease TSH levelsarrow_forward
- Calcium ion concentration in the blood decreases whena. vitamin D levels are lower than normal.b. calcitonin secretion decreases.c. PTH secretion increases.d. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardHuman growth hormone (hGH) affects many different parts of the body. When hGH is released, it stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which stimulates protein synthesis, muscle development, and bone growth, while suppressing fat storage. If hormone 3 levels increased, what would be the resulting effect on hormone 1 and 2? Select one: a. Hormone 1 Hormone 2 Increase Increase b. Hormone 1 Hormone 2 Decrease Decrease c. Hormone 1 Hormone 2 Decrease Increase d. Hormone 1 Hormone 2 Increase Decreasearrow_forwardWhich of the following hormones increases blood calcium levels? a. calcitoninb. thyroxine (T4)c. parathyroid hormoned. mineralocorticoidsarrow_forward
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