BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 44, Problem 5A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The pituitary gland, which is divided into anterior and posterior pituitary, secretes hormones, including growth hormone, cortisol and thyroid stimulating hormone. Tumor in pituitary gland will result in decreased production of the hormones from the pituitary gland.
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Tumors that affect the pituitary can lead to decreases in some, but not all, hormones released by the pituitary. A patient with such a tumor exhibits fatigue, weight loss, and low blood sugar. This is probably due to lack of production of
a. GH, which leads to loss of muscle mass.
b. ACTH, which leads to loss of production of glucocorticoids.
c. TSH, which leads to loss of production of thyroxin.
d. ADH, which leads to excess urine production.
Thyroid cancer results when the cells in the thyroid gland divide uncontrollably. Individuals who have excessive exposure to radiation may have higher chance of getting thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer can be treated through surgery, iodine therapy, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy. What is the purpose of prescribing thyroxine medication for patients following the surgical removal of the thyroid gland?
Select one:
a. to decrease TRH and increase TSH levels
b. to increase TRH and TSH levels
c. to decrease TRH and TSH levels
d. to increase TRH and decrease TSH levels
Growth hormone therapy has been widely used to help people with dwarfism and has helped certain individuals to become taller. Some recent studies have identified another hormone as potentially beneficial, which is given in conjunction with growth hormone. Given their general function, which hormone would supplement or enhance the effects of hGH?
Select one:
a. calcitonin
b. cortisol
c. inhibin
d. parathyroid
Chapter 44 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.3 - Describe the connections between the hypothalamus,...Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 44.4 - Describe the components of Ca2+ homeostasis.Ch. 44.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44 - Prob. 1DACh. 44 - Prob. 1IQCh. 44 - Which of the following best describes hormones? a....Ch. 44 - Steroid hormones a. can diffuse through the...Ch. 44 - Second messengers are activated in response to a....Ch. 44 - Which of the following is true about lipophilic...Ch. 44 - An organ is classified as part of the endocrine...Ch. 44 - Hormones released from the pituitary gland have...Ch. 44 - Prob. 7UCh. 44 - You think one of your teammates is using anabolic...Ch. 44 - Your Uncle Sal likes to party. When he goes out...Ch. 44 - Prob. 3ACh. 44 - Prob. 4ACh. 44 - Prob. 5ACh. 44 - You experience a longer period than normal between...Ch. 44 - Mild vitamin D deficiency can lead to...Ch. 44 - How can blocking hormone production decrease...Ch. 44 - Suppose that two different organs, such as the...Ch. 44 - Many physiological parameters, such as blood Ca2+...
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- Which of the following statements about hormones is not correct? A. The persistance of a hormone in the blood is usually of short duration.B. The time required for the onset of hormonal effects can vary C. Organ responses to hormones occur as soon as receptors are bound. D. The duration of hormone action is variable.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about steroid and non-steroid hormones is false?a. Non-steroid hormones typically act through second messengers such as cAMP.b. Non-steroid hormones are not lipid soluble and cannot enter the target cell.c. Steroid hormones act usually slower than non-steroid hormones.d. Cortisol and aldosterone are non-steroid hormones that are produced by the cortex of the adrenal glandarrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes the functions of the endocrine system? a. Transport of blood through the body and through the lungs b. Regulation of body functions through hormone secretion c. Regulation of body functions through nerve impulses d. Immunity and returning extra tissue fluid to the blood vesselsarrow_forward
- Which is the following is an example of the nervous system directly interacting with the endocrine system? a. The secretion of cortisol early in the morning b. The continuous secretion of thyroid hormone c. The secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine during the fight or flight response d. The secretion of insulin after a mealarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of positive feedback? Select one: a. Insulin stimulates cells to absorb glucose, which inhibits the release of insulin. b. Oxytocin causes uterine contractions during childbirth, which causes more oxytocin to be released from the posterior pituitary. c. The release of thyroxine from the thyroid causes the anterior pituitary to stop releasing TSH. d. When calcitonin from the thyroid causes blood calcium levels to decrease, PTH is released from the parathyroid to increase blood calcium levels.arrow_forwardGrowth hormone therapy has been widely used to help people with dwarfism and has helped certain individuals to become taller. Which hormone would supplement or enhance the effects of hGH? Select one: a. calcitonin b. cortisol c. inhibin d. parathyroidarrow_forward
- The secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla is stimulated by a. adrenocorticotropic hormone. b. increased levels of growth hormone. C. sympathetic nerve innervation. d. increased levels of glucose in body fluidsarrow_forwardGigantism is a disease that Select one: A. is caused by deficiency of GHRH. B. occurs in adults. C. is characterized by excessive growth of long bones. D. is treated by recombinant growth hormone. E. can lead to hyperpituitarism.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a function of the endocrine system? A. Contributes to homeostatic feedback loops. B. Produces quick effects through electrochemical mechanisms. Shy C. Alters the metabolic activities of many different target tissues and organs. D. Releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body.arrow_forward
- The condition hypothyroidism is characterized by a decrease in the synthesis and secretion of the chemical thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland, an organ in the neck that is part of the endocrine system. Which level of organization does not match this condition? A. The thyroid glad is regulated by others hormones from other glands in the body at an organ system level. B. The endocrine system works with the cardiovascular system to allow transporting the hormones throughout the body function at the organism level. C. At the tissue level group's of follicular cells that make the thyroid hormones form a spherical structure with a hollow interior called follicle. D. The plasma membrane of follicular cells that are found in the thyroid gland is made up of phospholipid bilayer at the tissue level.arrow_forwardThe hypothalamus and pituitary gland are considered equally important since the former: a. Tells the pituitary gland what to release and when. b. Brings in substance from the thyroid. c. Contracts and relaxes to regulate the master gland d. Stores and releases secretions of pituitary glandarrow_forwardWhich of these statements about the hormone insulin is true? a.It is secreted by alpha cells in the pancreatic islets. b.It is secreted in response to a rise in blood glucose. c.It stimulates the production of glycogen and fat. d.Both a and b are true. e.Both b and c are true.arrow_forward
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