Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553292
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 43, Problem 1P

(a)

To determine

The order of magnitude of number of protons in human body.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1P

The order of protons in human body is 1028.

Explanation of Solution

A human body is mostly composed of water. In water molecule there are 8 protons and 10 neutrons. Thus the order of proton and neutron in a human body is almost same.

Consider an average human body composed of 35kg proton and 35kg neutrons.

Write the number of nucleon.

    n=mnM

Here, n is the number of nucleons, mn is the average mass of a nucleon, M is mass.

Conclusion:

Substitute 35kg for M, 1.67×1027kg for mn to determine the number of the nucleons.

    n=35 kg1.67×1027 kg1028

The order of protons in human body is 1028.

(b)

To determine

The order of magnitude of number of neutrons in human body.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1P

The order of neutron in human body is 1028.

Explanation of Solution

A human body is mostly composed of water. In water molecule there are 8 protons and 10 neutrons. Thus the order of proton and neutron in a human body is almost same.

Thus the order of neutron in human body is 1028.

Conclusion:

The order of neutron in human body is 1028.

(c)

To determine

The order of magnitude of number of electrons in human body.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1P

The order of electrons in human body is 1028.

Explanation of Solution

A human body is mostly composed of water. In water molecule the number of protons and electrons are exactly same. Thus the order of number of electrons will be same as the order of proton in human body.

The order of electrons in human body is 1028.

Conclusion:

The order of electrons in human body is 1028.

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A piece of silicon semiconductor has length L=0.01cm and cross-section in a square shape with an area of A=5×10−4cm2 . The semiconductor is doped with 1012cm−3 Phosphorus atoms and 1017cm−3 Boron atoms. An external electric field E=1.5×104N/C is applied to the silicon piece along the length direction, through the cross section. What is the total current in the silicon at T=300K? Assume the mobility of silicon is 1400cm2V−1s−1 for electrons and 450cm2V−1s−1 for holes, respectively. Assume the intrinsic carrier concentration in silicon is 1010cm−3 . Give your answer in mA, rounded to 3 significant figures. Just enter the number, nothing else.
An impurity with a charge of 2e is placed in a three-dimensional metal. Assume that the Friedel sum rule holds for this system, and only the scattering phase shifts from the electrons contribute to this sum (we don't need to consider ion phase shifts). This metal has a spherical Fermi surface with Fermi wave vector kF . The only degeneracy for the electrons at the Fermi surface is spin (two-fold) and angular momentum ( 2l+1 for each angular momentum l ). Ignore scattering for l>2 and assume that the scattering doesn't depend on the spin degree of freedom. Denote the scattering phase shift at the Fermi wave vector in the l -th angular momentum channel as δl(kF) . If δ0(kF)=11π31 , and δ1(kF)=π29 , what is δ2(kF)? Round your answer to three significant figures. Just enter the number, nothing else.
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