Chapter 4.3, Problem 16PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons, electrons and neutrons for isotopes from b to f with isotopic name and symbols needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Proton is a subatomic particle that carries a positive charge. An electron is a subatomic particle that carries a negative charge. Neutron is a subatomic particle with no charge. Isotope is the same number of protons and electrons but have a different number of neutrons in an atom of the same element.

Answer to Problem 16PP

	Protons and Electrons	Neutrons	Isotope	Symbol
b.	20	26	Calcium-46	${}_{20}^{46}Ca$
c.	8	9	Oxygen-17	${}_8^{17}O$
d.	26	31	Iron-57	${}_{26}^{57}Fe$
e.	30	34	Zinc-64	${}_{30}^{64}Zn$
f.	80	124	Mercury-204	${}_{80}^{204}Hg$

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

Isotope Composition Data

	Element	Atomic number	Mass number
a.	Neon	10	22
b.	Calcium	20	46
c.	Oxygen	8	17
d.	Iron	26	57
e.	Zinc	30	64
f.	Mercury	80	204

Use formulas:

$\text{Atomic number}\text{(Z)=}{\text{Number of electrons (N}}_{\text{e}}\text{)= Number of protons}{\text{(N}}_{\text{p}}\text{) }$

$Numberofneutron{\text{(N}}_n\text{)=}\text{Mass}\text{number}-atomicnumber$

• Naming of isotope is done on the basis of its name; the element’s name is used with the mass number, for example: X-20, where X is an element and 20 is its mass number.
• Symbols of isotopes are written by writing its mass element on top left of the element and at bottom right, the atomic number is written of the element, for example: $X$ Where $X=element,M=MassnumberandZ=atomic\text{}number$

Below are the number of protons, electrons and neutrons for isotopes from b to f with isotopic name and symbols.

	Protons and Electrons	Neutrons	Isotope	Symbol
b.	20	26	Calcium-46	${}_{20}^{46}Ca$
c.	8	9	Oxygen-17	${}_8^{17}O$
d.	26	31	Iron-57	${}_{26}^{57}Fe$
e.	30	34	Zinc-64	${}_{30}^{64}Zn$
f.	80	124	Mercury-204	${}_{80}^{204}Hg$

Conclusion

Hence, the number of protons, electrons and neutrons for isotopes from b to f with isotopic name and symbols is mentioned above.