Chapter 4, Problem 86A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The primary factor that determines that a nucleus is stable or unstable needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The nucleus of an atom is consists of two main subatomic particles, protons and neutrons. The number of protons and neutrons are fixed in an atom. The ratio of subatomic particles maintains the stability of the nucleus.

Answer to Problem 86A

The stable nucleus found with a balanced ratio of neutrons and protons (n/p) near about 1/1. This is the first step to know whether a nucleus is stable or unstable.

Explanation of Solution

An atom has protons, neutron and electron as the subatomic particle. When the number of neutrons and protons present in lower numbers, it make up the nucleus stable. But if the ratio is with higher number of protons and neutrons that means nucleus is unstable and it undergoes decay.

Conclusion

The fix ratio of neutrons and protons explain that the nucleus is stable or unstable. The unstable nucleus comes under the radioactive decay for the stability of nucleus.