Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 42.5, Problem 2C
Summary Introduction
To contrast: The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems with respect to their general effects and the types of neurotransmitters they release.
Introduction: The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are the two main divisions of a vertebrate nervous system. Sensory receptors and nerves make up the peripheral nervous system and are responsible for transmitting information between the CNS and the internal/external environment. The PNS is mainly divided into two divisions, which are the somatic nervous division and the autonomic nervous division. The autonomic nervous division consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
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In the sympathetic division of the autonomic
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The ratio between the number of
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A single preganglionic neuron usually
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An important functional characteristic is
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Preganglionic fibers are usually much longer
than the postganglionic fibers.
Activity of the neurons tends to have a more
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Describe the effect of sympathetic innervation on each effector organ, especially the heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, adrenal medulla, and external genitalia.
Describe the basic pathways of sympathetic innervation from the spinal cord to the effector organs in the body periphery, the head, and the visceral organs.
Chapter 42 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 42.1 - Identify trends in the evolution of invertebrate...Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 42.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 42.1 - What are some advantages of cephalization?Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 42.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 42.2 - Describe the functions of each component of the...Ch. 42.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 42.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 42.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 42.4 - Prob. 6LOCh. 42.4 - Prob. 7LOCh. 42.4 - Prob. 8LOCh. 42.4 - Prob. 9LOCh. 42.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 42.4 - What are two main functions of the vertebrate...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 3CCh. 42.4 - What role does the limbic system play in emotions?...Ch. 42.4 - In what ways does your success on a biology exam...Ch. 42.5 - Describe the organization of the peripheral...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 11LOCh. 42.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 42.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 42.6 - Prob. 12LOCh. 42.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 42 - Test your Understanding Know and Comprehend A...Ch. 42 - Which part of the vertebrate brain maintains...Ch. 42 - The main association area in the amphibian brain...Ch. 42 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 42 - Test Your Understanding 8. VISUALIZE Label the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 42 - EVOLUTION LINK CREB has been shown to be a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Describe the sympathetic vasomotor tone: its origin, the neurotransmitter and receptor responsible for the effect.arrow_forwardIn most instances the sympathetic and parasympathetic have opposite effects on effectors where they both innervate. Describe an example where they have cooperative effects, not the opposite.arrow_forwardNAME THE CHEMICALS INVOLVED BOTH IN SYMPATHETIC ANDPARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM.arrow_forward
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- Explain in anatomical terms why the parasympathetic division affects target organs more selectively than the sympathetic division doesarrow_forwardFor which of the following systems is the neurotransmitter acetylcholine released by neurons at the target tissue? true only for the sympathetic division true only for the parasympathetic division true for both divisions false for both divisionsarrow_forwardDiscuss the functions of the sympathetic systemarrow_forward
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