Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 72E
Using the molecular orbital model, write electron configurations for the following diatomic species and calculate the bond orders. Which ones are paramagnetic? Place the species in order of increasing bond length and bond energy.
a. CN+
b. CN
c. CN−
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Part I.
Draw reaction mechanism for the transformations of benzophenone to benzopinacol to benzopinaco lone and answer the ff:
Pinacol (2,3-dimethyl, 1-3-butanediol) on treatment w/ acid gives a mixture of pina colone
and
(3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene. Give reasonable mechanism
the formation of the products
For
Show the mechanism for these reactions
Draw the stepwise mechanism
Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Ch. 4 - Explain the main postulate of the VSEPR model....Ch. 4 - Explain why CF4 and Xef4 are nonpolar compounds...Ch. 4 - Consider the following compounds: CO2, SO2, KrF2,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4RQCh. 4 - What hybridization is required for central atoms...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6RQCh. 4 - Prob. 7RQCh. 4 - What are molecular orbitals? How do they compare...Ch. 4 - Explain the difference between the and MOs for...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3ALQ
Ch. 4 - Which of the following would you expect to be more...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following molecules from most to least...Ch. 4 - Which is the more correct statement: The methane...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 4 - Prob. 8ALQCh. 4 - Which of the following statements is/are true?...Ch. 4 - Give one example of a compound having a linear...Ch. 4 - In the hybrid orbital model, compare and contrast ...Ch. 4 - Prob. 13QCh. 4 - Prob. 14QCh. 4 - Prob. 15QCh. 4 - Prob. 16QCh. 4 - Compare and contrast bonding molecular orbitals...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18QCh. 4 - Why does the molecular orbital model do a better...Ch. 4 - The three NO bonds in NO3 are all equivalent in...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure and bond angles...Ch. 4 - Prob. 24ECh. 4 - Prob. 25ECh. 4 - Two variations of the octahedral geometry (see...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - State whether or not each of the following has a...Ch. 4 - The following electrostatic potential diagrams...Ch. 4 - Which of the molecules in Exercises 21 and 22 have...Ch. 4 - Which of the molecules in Exercises 27 and 28 have...Ch. 4 - Write Lewis structures and predict the molecular...Ch. 4 - Write Lewis structures and predict whether each of...Ch. 4 - Consider the following Lewis structure where E is...Ch. 4 - Consider the following Lewis structure where E is...Ch. 4 - The molecules BF3, CF4, CO2, PF5, and SF6 are all...Ch. 4 - Two different compounds have the formula XeF2Cl2....Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - The space-filling models of ethane and ethanol are...Ch. 4 - The space-filling models of hydrogen cyanide and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 45ECh. 4 - Prob. 46ECh. 4 - Prob. 47ECh. 4 - Give the expected hybridization of the central...Ch. 4 - For each of the following molecules, write the...Ch. 4 - For each of the following molecules or ions that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 51ECh. 4 - The allene molecule has the following Lewis...Ch. 4 - Indigo is the dye used in coloring blue jeans. The...Ch. 4 - Prob. 54ECh. 4 - Prob. 55ECh. 4 - Many important compounds in the chemical industry...Ch. 4 - Two molecules used in the polymer industry are...Ch. 4 - Hot and spicy foods contain molecules that...Ch. 4 - One of the first drugs to be approved for use in...Ch. 4 - The antibiotic thiarubin-A was discovered by...Ch. 4 - Prob. 61ECh. 4 - Sketch the molecular orbital and label its type (...Ch. 4 - Prob. 63ECh. 4 - Which of the following are predicted by the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 65ECh. 4 - Prob. 66ECh. 4 - Prob. 67ECh. 4 - Using the molecular orbital model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 69ECh. 4 - A Lewis structure obeying the octet rule can be...Ch. 4 - Using the molecular orbital model, write electron...Ch. 4 - Using the molecular orbital model, write electron...Ch. 4 - In which of the following diatomic molecules would...Ch. 4 - In terms of the molecular orbital model, which...Ch. 4 - Prob. 75ECh. 4 - Show how a hydrogen 1s atomic orbital and a...Ch. 4 - Use Figs. 4-54 and 4-55 to answer the following...Ch. 4 - The diatomic molecule OH exists in the gas phase....Ch. 4 - Prob. 79ECh. 4 - Describe the bonding in NO+, NO, and NO, using...Ch. 4 - Describe the bonding in the O3 molecule and the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 82ECh. 4 - Prob. 83AECh. 4 - Vitamin B6 is an organic compound whose deficiency...Ch. 4 - Two structures can be drawn for cyanuric acid: a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 86AECh. 4 - What do each of the following sets of...Ch. 4 - Aspartame is an artificial sweetener marketed...Ch. 4 - Prob. 89AECh. 4 - The three most stable oxides of carbon are carbon...Ch. 4 - Prob. 91AECh. 4 - Which of the following molecules have net dipole...Ch. 4 - The strucrure of TeF5 is Draw a complete Lewis...Ch. 4 - Complete the following resonance structures for...Ch. 4 - Prob. 95AECh. 4 - Describe the bonding in the first excited state of...Ch. 4 - Using an MO energy-level diagram, would you expect...Ch. 4 - Show how a dxz. atomic orbital and a pz, atomic...Ch. 4 - What type of molecular orbital would result from...Ch. 4 - Consider three molecules: A, B, and C. Molecule A...Ch. 4 - Prob. 101CWPCh. 4 - Predict the molecular structure, bond angles, and...Ch. 4 - Draw the Lewis structures for SO2, PCl3, NNO, COS,...Ch. 4 - Draw the Lewis structures for TeCl4, ICl5, PCl5,...Ch. 4 - A variety of chlorine oxide fluorides and related...Ch. 4 - Pelargondin is the molecule responsible for the...Ch. 4 - Complete a Lewis structure for the compound shown...Ch. 4 - Prob. 108CWPCh. 4 - Consider the molecular orbital electron...Ch. 4 - Place the species B2+ , B2, and B2 in order of...Ch. 4 - The compound NF3 is quite stable, but NCl3 is very...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure for each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 113CPCh. 4 - Cholesterol (C27liu;O) has the following...Ch. 4 - Cyanamide (H2NCN), an important industrial...Ch. 4 - As compared with CO and O2, CS and S2 are very...Ch. 4 - Prob. 117CPCh. 4 - Use the MO model to explain the bonding in BeH2....Ch. 4 - Prob. 119CPCh. 4 - Arrange the following from lowest to highest...Ch. 4 - Prob. 121CPCh. 4 - Prob. 122CPCh. 4 - Carbon monoxide (CO) forms bonds to a variety of...Ch. 4 - The space-filling model for benzoic acid, a food...Ch. 4 - As the bead engineer of your starship in charge of...Ch. 4 - A flask containing gaseous N2 is irradiated with...Ch. 4 - Determine the molecular structure and...
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- Draw a structural formula of the principal product formed when benzonitrile is treated with each reagent. (a) H₂O (one equivalent), H₂SO₄, heat (b) H₂O (excess), H₂SO₄, heat (c) NaOH, H₂O, heat (d) LiAlH4, then H₂Oarrow_forwardDraw the stepwise mechanism for the reactionsarrow_forwardDraw stepwise mechanismarrow_forward
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