Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 57E
Two molecules used in the
Azodicarbonamide
Methyl cyanoracy late
Azodicarbonamide is used in forming polystyrene. When added to the molten plastic, it decomposes to nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and ammonia gases, which are captured as bubbles in the molten polymer. Methyl cyanoacrylate is the main ingredient in super glue. As the glue sets, methyl cyanoacrylate
a. Complete the Lewis structures showing all lone pairs of electrons.
b. Which hybrid orbitals are used by the carbon atoms in each molecule and the nitrogen atom in azodicarbonamide?
c. How many π bonds are present in each molecule?
d. Give approximate values for the bond angles marked a through h in the previous structures.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
describe the hybridization, bonding and geometry in a molecule of benzene. Explain the stability in terms of two resonance structures.
The molecular structure of hinokitiol is represented below (See attached image)
Draw a complete Lewis structure of the molecule and answer the following questions.
Complete the structure by adding ONLY hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms where needed. You must not create any other bonds. Atoms such as oxygen or nitrogen may have lone pairs to complete their octets.
Each of the non-hydrogen atoms of this skeletal structure has been randomly numbered.
Match the atom number with the orbital hybridization invoked for sigma bonding.
Match these to the below (A)) (Options: sp3, sp2, sp, s, p, d2sp3, dsp3)
A) 12, 9, 7, 2, 4
B) How many pairs of non-bonding electrons are there in the molecule?
C) How many CH3 (methyl) groups are there in the molecule?
D) How many CH2 (methylene) groups are there in the molecule? (i.e. # of C-atoms having exactly two bonded H-atoms)
E) How many CH (methyne) groups are there in the molecule? (i.e. # of C-atoms having exactly one bonded H-atom)
F) How many…
What is the maximum number of double bonds that a nitrogen atom can form?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Ch. 4 - Explain the main postulate of the VSEPR model....Ch. 4 - Explain why CF4 and Xef4 are nonpolar compounds...Ch. 4 - Consider the following compounds: CO2, SO2, KrF2,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4RQCh. 4 - What hybridization is required for central atoms...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6RQCh. 4 - Prob. 7RQCh. 4 - What are molecular orbitals? How do they compare...Ch. 4 - Explain the difference between the and MOs for...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3ALQ
Ch. 4 - Which of the following would you expect to be more...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following molecules from most to least...Ch. 4 - Which is the more correct statement: The methane...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 4 - Prob. 8ALQCh. 4 - Which of the following statements is/are true?...Ch. 4 - Give one example of a compound having a linear...Ch. 4 - In the hybrid orbital model, compare and contrast ...Ch. 4 - Prob. 13QCh. 4 - Prob. 14QCh. 4 - Prob. 15QCh. 4 - Prob. 16QCh. 4 - Compare and contrast bonding molecular orbitals...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18QCh. 4 - Why does the molecular orbital model do a better...Ch. 4 - The three NO bonds in NO3 are all equivalent in...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure and bond angles...Ch. 4 - Prob. 24ECh. 4 - Prob. 25ECh. 4 - Two variations of the octahedral geometry (see...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure (including bond...Ch. 4 - State whether or not each of the following has a...Ch. 4 - The following electrostatic potential diagrams...Ch. 4 - Which of the molecules in Exercises 21 and 22 have...Ch. 4 - Which of the molecules in Exercises 27 and 28 have...Ch. 4 - Write Lewis structures and predict the molecular...Ch. 4 - Write Lewis structures and predict whether each of...Ch. 4 - Consider the following Lewis structure where E is...Ch. 4 - Consider the following Lewis structure where E is...Ch. 4 - The molecules BF3, CF4, CO2, PF5, and SF6 are all...Ch. 4 - Two different compounds have the formula XeF2Cl2....Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 4 - The space-filling models of ethane and ethanol are...Ch. 4 - The space-filling models of hydrogen cyanide and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 45ECh. 4 - Prob. 46ECh. 4 - Prob. 47ECh. 4 - Give the expected hybridization of the central...Ch. 4 - For each of the following molecules, write the...Ch. 4 - For each of the following molecules or ions that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 51ECh. 4 - The allene molecule has the following Lewis...Ch. 4 - Indigo is the dye used in coloring blue jeans. The...Ch. 4 - Prob. 54ECh. 4 - Prob. 55ECh. 4 - Many important compounds in the chemical industry...Ch. 4 - Two molecules used in the polymer industry are...Ch. 4 - Hot and spicy foods contain molecules that...Ch. 4 - One of the first drugs to be approved for use in...Ch. 4 - The antibiotic thiarubin-A was discovered by...Ch. 4 - Prob. 61ECh. 4 - Sketch the molecular orbital and label its type (...Ch. 4 - Prob. 63ECh. 4 - Which of the following are predicted by the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 65ECh. 4 - Prob. 66ECh. 4 - Prob. 67ECh. 4 - Using the molecular orbital model to describe the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 69ECh. 4 - A Lewis structure obeying the octet rule can be...Ch. 4 - Using the molecular orbital model, write electron...Ch. 4 - Using the molecular orbital model, write electron...Ch. 4 - In which of the following diatomic molecules would...Ch. 4 - In terms of the molecular orbital model, which...Ch. 4 - Prob. 75ECh. 4 - Show how a hydrogen 1s atomic orbital and a...Ch. 4 - Use Figs. 4-54 and 4-55 to answer the following...Ch. 4 - The diatomic molecule OH exists in the gas phase....Ch. 4 - Prob. 79ECh. 4 - Describe the bonding in NO+, NO, and NO, using...Ch. 4 - Describe the bonding in the O3 molecule and the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 82ECh. 4 - Prob. 83AECh. 4 - Vitamin B6 is an organic compound whose deficiency...Ch. 4 - Two structures can be drawn for cyanuric acid: a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 86AECh. 4 - What do each of the following sets of...Ch. 4 - Aspartame is an artificial sweetener marketed...Ch. 4 - Prob. 89AECh. 4 - The three most stable oxides of carbon are carbon...Ch. 4 - Prob. 91AECh. 4 - Which of the following molecules have net dipole...Ch. 4 - The strucrure of TeF5 is Draw a complete Lewis...Ch. 4 - Complete the following resonance structures for...Ch. 4 - Prob. 95AECh. 4 - Describe the bonding in the first excited state of...Ch. 4 - Using an MO energy-level diagram, would you expect...Ch. 4 - Show how a dxz. atomic orbital and a pz, atomic...Ch. 4 - What type of molecular orbital would result from...Ch. 4 - Consider three molecules: A, B, and C. Molecule A...Ch. 4 - Prob. 101CWPCh. 4 - Predict the molecular structure, bond angles, and...Ch. 4 - Draw the Lewis structures for SO2, PCl3, NNO, COS,...Ch. 4 - Draw the Lewis structures for TeCl4, ICl5, PCl5,...Ch. 4 - A variety of chlorine oxide fluorides and related...Ch. 4 - Pelargondin is the molecule responsible for the...Ch. 4 - Complete a Lewis structure for the compound shown...Ch. 4 - Prob. 108CWPCh. 4 - Consider the molecular orbital electron...Ch. 4 - Place the species B2+ , B2, and B2 in order of...Ch. 4 - The compound NF3 is quite stable, but NCl3 is very...Ch. 4 - Predict the molecular structure for each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 113CPCh. 4 - Cholesterol (C27liu;O) has the following...Ch. 4 - Cyanamide (H2NCN), an important industrial...Ch. 4 - As compared with CO and O2, CS and S2 are very...Ch. 4 - Prob. 117CPCh. 4 - Use the MO model to explain the bonding in BeH2....Ch. 4 - Prob. 119CPCh. 4 - Arrange the following from lowest to highest...Ch. 4 - Prob. 121CPCh. 4 - Prob. 122CPCh. 4 - Carbon monoxide (CO) forms bonds to a variety of...Ch. 4 - The space-filling model for benzoic acid, a food...Ch. 4 - As the bead engineer of your starship in charge of...Ch. 4 - A flask containing gaseous N2 is irradiated with...Ch. 4 - Determine the molecular structure and...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Methylcyanoacrylate is the active ingredient in super glues. Its Lewis structure is (a) Give values for the three bond angles indicated. (b) Indicate the most polar bond in the molecule. (c) Circle the shortest carbon-oxygen bond. (d) Circle the shortest carbon-carbon bond.arrow_forwardEthylamine is an example of an important class of organiccompounds. The molecular formula of ethylamine isCH3CH2NH2. Draw its Lewis structure.arrow_forwardPredicting the arrangement of electron groups around the central atom of a molecule.arrow_forward
- Mark the correct statements related to the bonding, shape and polarity of molecules. A - Only valence electrons are used when Lewis structures are drawn. B - Valence electrons occupying pi bonding orbitals are not considered when determining the molecular shape with the VSEPR theory C- The lone pairs on the central atom does not influence the molecular shape of a molecule. D- Molecules with polar bonds are polar. E - Molecules with a tetrahedral electron pair geometry are non-polar.arrow_forwardDo two single bonds and a double bond meet the characteristics of a carbon atom?arrow_forwardGroup X elements can conduct electricity and heat. As a chemistry student, Explain the characteristics of Group X elements. Explain the chemical properties of Group X elements . Discuss the trends of Group X elements when going down the group Using the knowledge of Lewis Diagram, show the formation of bond from any ONE of the element from Group X and any ONE non-metal element. State the electronic configuration of the cation and anion from the bond formed above. Draw the orbital diagram of the carbon and anion from thw bond formed above. Show the formation of positive ion and negative ion from the bond formed above and justify the differences in their number of electrons. Rubric: Part A; Choose your rubric based on the Bloom's. Part B; Assess originality.arrow_forward
- Please don't provide handwriting solutionarrow_forwardDispersion forces are produced when an electronegative atom pulls on the electron of a hydrogen atom so much that the proton of the hydrogen can closely interact with the electronegative atom of another molecule electronegative atoms pull electrons toward one area of the molecule, creating regions of partial positive and partial negative charge that are attracted to regions of other molecules with the opposite charge electrons are transferred from one atom to another to produce anions and cations that are then held together in a rigid lattice electrons in molecular compounds are constantly moving and produce short-term regions of positive and negative charge that are attracted to regions of other molecules with the opposite chargearrow_forwardwhich of the following statement is not true? 1)Nitrogen s relative inertness is due to formation of strong and stable bond between 2 nitrogens atom. 2)the bond energy of N2 is relatively higher that makes it relatively inert. 3)the bond energy of an O-H bond is always the same in all compounds that contain an O-H bond 4)carbon-carbon single bond is the longest among all sorts of carbon-carbon bonds 5)a shorter bond in general ,is a stronger bond than a longer bondarrow_forward
- Provide the Lewis structure and name of this moleculesarrow_forwardA carbon oxygen bond is more polar than a carbon oxygen double bond. As a result, a Lewis structure for the carbonate ion has a slight molecular dipole. However, experimental evidence has clearly demonstrated that the carbonate ion has no net molecular dipole. Explain how a Lewis structure for carbonate can have a dipole and yet the actual molecule does not.arrow_forwardPlease answer questions 1 2 3 4abcarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Stoichiometry - Chemistry for Massive Creatures: Crash Course Chemistry #6; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UL1jmJaUkaQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Bonding (Ionic, Covalent & Metallic) - GCSE Chemistry; Author: Science Shorts;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9MA6Od-zBA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
General Chemistry 1A. Lecture 12. Two Theories of Bonding.; Author: UCI Open;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLTlL9Z1bh0;License: CC-BY