Chapter 4, Problem 6A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of $\text{KBr}$ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and nonmetals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and nonmetals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

Metals and nonmetals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only nonmetal ions.

Answer to Problem 6A

$\text{KBr}$ is named as potassium bromide.

Explanation of Solution

The rules for naming the ionic compounds are as follows:

• On the basis of position in the periodic table, the oxidation state of metal and nonmetal is identified.
• For the name of cation, the metal name is retained as it is and for anion, the root name of the element has a suffix ‘-ide’.
• Then for the complete name of the ionic compound, cation name and anion names are combined in such a way that cation is placed before the anion name.

$\text{KBr}$ has ${\text{K}}^{+}$ as cation and ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ as anion. Charge on 1 ${\text{K}}^{+}$ is neutralized by 1 ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ ion. As per the rules for the nomenclature of a binary ionic compound, a cation is always named first, so ${\text{K}}^{+}$ is named as potassium ion and ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ is named as bromide ion.

So, $\text{KBr}$ is named as potassium bromide.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of ${\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and nonmetals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and nonmetals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

Metals and nonmetals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only nonmetal ions.

Answer to Problem 6A

${\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is named as calcium chloride.

Explanation of Solution

The rules for naming the ionic compounds are as follows:

• On the basis of position in the periodic table, the oxidation state of metal and nonmetal is identified.
• For the name of cation, the metal name is retained as it is and for anion, the root name of the element has a suffix ‘-ide’.
• Then for the complete name of the ionic compound, cation name and anion names are combined in such a way that cation is placed before the anion name.

${\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ has ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ as cation and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ as anion. Charge on 1 ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ is neutralized by 2 ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ ion. As per the rules for the nomenclature of a binary ionic compound, a cation is always named first, so ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ is named as calcium ion and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ is named as a chloride ion.

So, ${\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is named as calcium chloride.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of $\text{AlP}$ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and nonmetals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and nonmetals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

Metals and nonmetals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only nonmetal ions.

Answer to Problem 6A

$\text{AlP}$ is named as aluminum phosphide.

Explanation of Solution

The rules for naming the ionic compounds are as follows:

• On the basis of position in the periodic table, the oxidation state of metal and nonmetal is identified.
• For the name of cation, the metal name is retained as it is and for anion, the root name of the element has a suffix ‘-ide’.
• Then for the complete name of the ionic compound, cation name and anion names are combined in such a way that cation is placed before the anion name.

$\text{AlP}$ has ${\text{Al}}^{3+}$ as cation and ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ as anion. Charge on 1 ${\text{Al}}^{3+}$ is neutralized by 1 ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ ion. As per the rules for the nomenclature of a binary ionic compound, a cation is always named first, so ${\text{Al}}^{3+}$ is named as aluminum ion and ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ is named as phosphide ion.

So, $\text{AlP}$ is named as aluminum phosphide.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of ${\text{SrCl}}_{\text{2}}$ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and nonmetals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and nonmetals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

Metals and nonmetals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only nonmetal ions.

Answer to Problem 6A

${\text{SrCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is named as strontium chloride.

Explanation of Solution

The rules for naming the ionic compounds are as follows:

• On the basis of position in the periodic table, the oxidation state of metal and nonmetal is identified.
• For the name of cation, the metal name is retained as it is and for anion, the root name of the element has a suffix ‘-ide’.
• Then for the complete name of the ionic compound, cation name and anion names are combined in such a way that cation is placed before the anion name.

${\text{SrCl}}_{\text{2}}$ has ${\text{Sr}}^{2+}$ as cation and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ as anion. Charge on 1 ${\text{Sr}}^{2+}$ is neutralized by 2 ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ ion. As per the rules for the nomenclature of a binary ionic compound, the cation is always named first, so ${\text{Sr}}^{2+}$ is named as strontium ion and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ is named as chloride ion.

So, ${\text{SrCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is named as strontium chloride.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of $\text{AgBr}$ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and nonmetals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and nonmetals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

Metals and nonmetals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only nonmetal ions.

Answer to Problem 6A

$\text{AgBr}$ is named as silver bromide.

Explanation of Solution

The rules for naming the ionic compounds are as follows:

• On the basis of position in the periodic table, the oxidation state of metal and nonmetal is identified.
• For the name of cation, the metal name is retained as it is and for anion, the root name of the element has a suffix ‘-ide’.
• Then for the complete name of the ionic compound, cation name and anion names are combined in such a way that cation is placed before the anion name.

$\text{AgBr}$ has ${\text{Ag}}^{+}$ as cation and ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ as anion. Charge on 1 ${\text{Ag}}^{+}$ is neutralized by 1 ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ ion. As per the rules for the nomenclature of a binary ionic compound, the cation is always named first, so ${\text{Ag}}^{+}$ is named as silver ion and ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ is named as bromide ion.

So, $\text{AgBr}$ is named as silver bromide.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of ${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}\text{S}$ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and nonmetals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and nonmetals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

Metals and nonmetals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only nonmetal ions.

Answer to Problem 6A

${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}\text{S}$ is named as sodium sulfide.

Explanation of Solution

The rules for naming the ionic compounds are as follows:

• On the basis of position in the periodic table, the oxidation state of metal and nonmetal is identified.
• For the name of cation, the metal name is retained as it is and for anion, the root name of the element has a suffix ‘-ide’.
• Then for the complete name of the ionic compound, cation name and anion names are combined in such a way that cation is placed before the anion name.

${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}\text{S}$ has ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ as cation and ${\text{S}}^{2-}$ as anion. Charge on 2 ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ is neutralized by 1 ${\text{S}}^{2-}$ ion. As per the rules for the nomenclature of a binary ionic compound, a cation is always named first, so ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ is named as silver ion and ${\text{S}}^{2-}$ is named as bromide ion.

So, ${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}\text{S}$ is named as sodium sulfide.