Macroeconomics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780134896441
Author: ABEL, Andrew B., BERNANKE, Ben, CROUSHORE, Dean Darrell
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 4AP
To determine
To find the effects of a temporary government spending on private investment.
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Economists often argue that a large increase in government purchases – such as for the military – will crowd out private-sector spending. Use the investment-saving diagram to defend or to refute their premise.
1.a
Suppose the country of Freelandia has an MPC of .85 and a real GDP of $200 billion. If its investment spending decreases by $3 billion, what will be its new level of real GDP?
GDP
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1
2
Consumption
$0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
D
8
4.5
As shown in Exhibit 9-1, if equilibrium GDP is $5 trillion, then the total of investment, government spending, and net exports is:
8
4.5
As shown in Exhibit 9-1, if equilibrium GDP is $5 trillion, then the total of investme
O $1 trillion.
$2 trillion.
O $3 trillion.
O $4 trillion.
$6 trillion.
4
Aggregate
Expenditures
6
Unplanned inventory
Chapter 4 Solutions
Macroeconomics
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1RQCh. 4 - Prob. 2RQCh. 4 - Prob. 3RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4RQCh. 4 - Prob. 5RQCh. 4 - Prob. 6RQCh. 4 - Prob. 7RQCh. 4 - Prob. 8RQCh. 4 - Prob. 9RQCh. 4 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1NPCh. 4 - Prob. 2NPCh. 4 - Prob. 3NPCh. 4 - Prob. 4NPCh. 4 - Prob. 5NPCh. 4 - Prob. 6NPCh. 4 - Prob. 7NPCh. 4 - Prob. 8NPCh. 4 - Prob. 9NPCh. 4 - Prob. 1APCh. 4 - Prob. 2APCh. 4 - Prob. 3APCh. 4 - Prob. 4APCh. 4 - Prob. 5APCh. 4 - Prob. 6APCh. 4 - Prob. 7APCh. 4 - Prob. 5WWMDCh. 4 - Prob. 6WWMD
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- 2. Public consumption of a country (two sectors) is indicated by the function C = 60 + 0.4Y. Calculate:a. Find the saving function.b. If the investment that occurs is 300, determine the balance national income.c. What is the consumption of the people of the country if the national income is 400.d. How much is the savings of the people of the country if the national income is 400.e. Make a graphical sketch of the consumption and saving functions in one image. Please solve subparts d,e thank uarrow_forwardShown below is the aggregate expenditures model composed of consumption and investment spending for a closed economy. a. Show the effect of a $500 increase in government spending. Instructions: Click and drag on the expenditure line to move it to the correct position given the $500 increase in government spending. A Closed Economy Aggregate expenditures (billions of dollars) 16,000 15,000 14,000 13,000 12,000 11,000 45° 10,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000 16,000 Real GDP (billions of dollars) Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. b. Looking at your graph, determine whether equilibrium GDP has increased, decreased, or stayed the same given the $500 increase in government purchases. Equilibrium GDP has (Click to select) v by $arrow_forwardOnly typed answer Explain why the multiplier falls when taxes depend on income. .1 Assume the following for the economy of a country: a. Consumption function: C = 60 + 0.75Yd b. Investment: I = 75 c. Government spending: G = 45 d. Net taxes: T = - 25 + 0.2Y e. Disposable income: Yd. = Y - T f. Equilibrium: Y = C + I + G Solve for equilibrium income. How much does the government collect in net taxes when the economy is in equilibrium? What is the government’s budget deficit or surplus?arrow_forward
- 5. Algebra of the income-expenditure model Consider a small economy that is closed to trade, so its net exports are equal to zero. Suppose that the economy has the following consumption function, where C is consumption, Y is real GDP, / is investment, G is government purchases, and T is for net taxes: C 40+0.5x (Y-T) Suppose G $265 billion, 7- $50 billion, and T $10 billion. Given the consumption function and the fact that, in a closed economy, total expenditure can be calculated as Y = C+I+G, the equilibrium output level is s billion. Suppose the government purchases are reduced by $100 billion. The new equilibrium level of output will be equal to s billion. Based on the effect of the change in government purchases on equilibrium output, you can tell that this economy's spending multiplier is equal toarrow_forwardThe Finance Minister in Canada asked a policy analyst the following question "what value can the multiplier take on" Select one: а. only between zero and 1 b. greater than zero С. only greater than 1 d. only between 1 and 2 е. only between -1 and 1arrow_forward8. The income-expenditure model Consider a small economy that is closed to trade, so its net exports are equal to zero. Suppose that the economy has the following consumption function, where C is consumption, Y is real GDP, I is investment, G is government purchases, and T stands for net taxes: C = 15+0.75 x (Y-T) Suppose G = $90 billion, 1 = $60 billion, and T = $20 billion. Given the consumption function and the fact that for a closed economy total expenditure can be calculated as Y=C+I+G, the equilibrium output level is equal to 5 billion. Suppose the government purchases are increased by $50 billion. The new equilibrium level of output will be equal to Based on the effect of the change in government purchases on equilibrium output, you can tell that this economy's spending multiplier is equal toarrow_forward
- 3. Suppose an economy with the following characteristics. Y = Real GDP or national income T= Taxes = 0.3Y C = Consumption = 140 + 0.9(Y – T) I= Investment = 400 G= Government spending = 800 X = Exports = 600 M= Imports = 0.15Y Given the information above, a. What is the saving function in this economy? b. What is this economy's spending multiplier? c. What is the equation for Aggregate Expenditures (AE) in this economy? d. Given AE equation, what is total demand for this economy! e. Derive Aggregate Demand (AD) curve and Long Run Aggregate Supply (LRAS) curve based on the equation you answered!arrow_forwardIn an economy, consumers spend 800 million regardless of their level of disposable income. In addition, they spend 75% of their yearly disposable income. * Investment is fixed at 250 million, Gvt expenditures are 120 million, net taxes are 100 million, exports are 170 million. Imports are 15% of the level of disposable income. Q, what is this economies equilibrium level of output Q how much would net export be when this economy is at equilibrium outputarrow_forwardIf consumption is C=100+0.75Yd Taxes is T=50+0.5Y Export is X=200 Import is M=50+0.25Y Government spending is G=150 Investment is I=200 .Use the multiplier applicable to export,to explain how a100–billion decline in demand for export could affect the economy’s: (i) GDP/income Answer An export multiplier is a multiplier that is applicable to export. The effect of a decline in demand by 100 billion on GDP/income will be computed by the export multiplier. Thus, Export Multiplier=1/(1−MPC+M) =1/(1-0.75+0.5)=1.33 The export multiplier shows that the GDP/income will be decreased by 1.33 billion with the decline in the 100-billion decline in the demand. please show how you get M=0.5arrow_forward
- 4. a) Draw a TP-TE (or Keynesian cross) graph for South Africa. Suppose Real GDP is $425 billion while the Real GDP where TE=TP is $475 billions. total, Expenditure (billions) TE-TH HEL th I 1 45 425 Q2 475 Q1 TP - TE total Production (billions) b) If Real GDP is $425 billion, what will happen to inventories, to firm's production and to the Real GDP? Inventories will decrease and Production will increase GDP increases to $475 billion and realarrow_forwardUse the graph to answer the questions that follow. a.What is the value of the MPC?b.What is the value of the MPS?c.What is the value of the multiplier?d.What is the amount of unplanned investment at aggregateoutput of 300, 900, and 1,300?arrow_forwardSHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Increase in foreign holdings of assets in the United States Exports of goods Imports of services Statistical discrepancy Net transfers Exports of services Imports of goods Income payments on investments Increase in U.S. holdings of assets in foreign countries Income received on investments b. the balance of trade c. the balance on the financial account $3,288 31. The following are hypothetical data on the U.S. balance of payments. You can assume the balance on capital account is zero. Use the data to calculate the following (SHOW YOUR WORK) a. the balance on the current account d. statistical discrepancy -$29 1 64 694 -1,520 -444 -3,286 545 12. State how each of the following will affect the relative values of the U.S. dollar and the British pound (say which currency appreciates and which currency depreciates): (a) U.S. citizens switch from buying stock in U.S. companies to buying stock in British companies. (b) The inflation rate in the United States decreases…arrow_forward
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