Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 4A
In 1985, a 0.5-mm cell was discovered in surgeonfish and named Epulopiscium fishelsoni (see Figure 11-14 page 308). It was presumed to be a protozoan. In 1993, researchers determined that Epulopiscium was actually a gram-positive bacterium. Why do you suppose this organism was initially identified as a protozoan? What evidence would change the classification to bacterium?
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30) A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but
lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Protista
E) Fungi
31) To establish a link between a specific bacterium and a skin disease, researchers have shown that the
bacterium was present in sick persons but not in healthy individuals. They isolated the bacterium in a
pure culture and demonstrated that experimental healthy animals injected with this culture became
sick. What other experiment do researchers need to perform to be absolutely sure that the bacterium is
responsible for the disease?
A) Demonstrate that the bacterium belongs to the pathogenic lineage
B) Demonstrate that the bacterium is not able to live outside of humans or animals
C) Isolate bacterium from an infected sick animal and demonstrate that it is the same bacterium as the
one used for infection
D) Isolate bacterium from an infected sick animal and demonstrate…
When do we make the determination that a bacterium is Gram positive?
A) Safranin washes the crystal violet die out of the cell wall.
B) Crystal violet die is not able to absorb into the cell wall.
C) Alcohol does not wash the crystal violet die out of the cell wall.
D) Crystal violet turns the bacterium a yellow color.
A clinical microbiologist is studying a microbe that can cause infections and gastrointestinal disease in humans, and which can also survive and reproduce in mice. A dormant cyst form of the microbe infects human hosts through fecal-oral transmission if they come in contact with mouse droppings and don’t wash their hands before eating. The organism grows in long filaments when grown at 20-28 deg C, and forms round/ovoid cells when grown at temperatures above 28 deg C. Sexual reproduction (fusion of haploid gametes) occurs in both humans and mice. A cell wall is present, and cells contain nuclei. This microbe could be which of the following?
Bacterium
Fungus
Virus
Protozoan
Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 4 - DRAW IT Diagram each of the following flagellar...Ch. 4 - Endospore formation is called (a) _____. It is...Ch. 4 - DRAW IT Draw the bacterial shapes listed in (a),...Ch. 4 - Match the structures in column A to their...Ch. 4 - Why is an endospore called a resting structure? Of...Ch. 4 - Compare and contrast the following a. simple...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7RCh. 4 - Starch is readily metabolized by many cells, but a...Ch. 4 - Match the characteristics of eukaryotic cells in...Ch. 4 - NAME IT What group of microbes is characterized by...
Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not a distinguishing...Ch. 4 - Which statement best describes what happens when a...Ch. 4 - Which statement best describes what happens when a...Ch. 4 - Which statement best describes what happens when a...Ch. 4 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is false about fimbriae? a....Ch. 4 - Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a....Ch. 4 - Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a....Ch. 4 - You have isolated a motile, gram-positive cell...Ch. 4 - The antibiotic amphothericin B disrupts plasma...Ch. 4 - How can prokaryotic cells be smaller than...Ch. 4 - The smallest eukaryotic cell is the motile alga...Ch. 4 - Two types of prokaryotic cells have been...Ch. 4 - In 1985, a 0.5-mm cell was discovered in...Ch. 4 - When E. coli cells are exposed to a hypertonic...Ch. 4 - Clostridium botulinum is a strict anaerobe; that...Ch. 4 - A South San Francisco child enjoyed bath time at...Ch. 4 - Live cultures of Bacillus thuringiensis (Dipel)...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
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- 14) A streptobacillus shaped bacteria have the following shape/sructure: a) long chain of capsule/rodshaped cells b) long chain of spherical-shaped cells c) a single spherical-shaped cell d) a single capsule/rod-shaped cell e) none of the above.15) If you are a passenger on the “Magic School Bus” and you want to “explore” the cytoplasmic component of a Gram -ve bacteria, you will have to go through: a) two membranes separated by periplasm and thick peptidoglycan region b) two membranes separated by periplasm and thin peptidoglycan region c) A glycocalyx and a membrane separated by a thin peptidoglycan region d) a thin peptidoglycan region & one membrane e) a thick peptidoglycan region & one membrane 16) If you are a passenger on the “Magic School Bus” and you want to “explore” the cytoplasmic component of a Gram +ve bacteria, you will have to go through: a) two membranes separated by periplasm and thick peptidoglycan region b) two membranes separated by periplasm and thin…arrow_forward35) Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so? A) Conducting a Gram-stain test B) Performing an analysis of metabolic pathways C) Determining the ribosomal RNA sequence of the bacteria D) Analyzing the morphological characteristics of the bacteriaarrow_forwardA certain species of bacterium was grown with either glucose or sucrose as a carbon source. After a period of incubation, the number of cells (x106) was determined. Is there a difference in growth rate of the bacterium between the two carbon sources? Glucose Sucrose 6.3 5.8 5.7 6.2 6.8 6.0 6.1 5.1 5.2 5.8arrow_forward
- You have discovered a new coccoid-shaped microorganism with no nucleus, a rigid cell wall, and a diameter of 2 μm. Chemical tests reveal that its cell wall does NOT contain peptidoglycan. The new microorganism is A) most likely a bacterium. B) most likely a eukaryote. C) most likely an archaeon. D) either a bacterium or an archaeon.arrow_forwardOne organism found in a termite’s gut is Mixotrichia paradoxa. This strange creature looks like a single-celled swimming ciliate under low magnification. However, the electron microscope reveals that it contains spherical bacteria rather than mitochondria and has on its surface, rather than cilia, hundreads and thousands of spirilla and bacilla bacteria. You are the scientists who first observed this organism. How would you describe this organism- single-celled? Aggregate? Colony? Multicellular? Can the structure of this organism give you any insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells? (Hint: the endosymbiosis hypothesis)arrow_forwardBacteria of the genus Mycoplasma are distinguished from other bacterial cells by 1) cell walls composed solely of amino acids. O 2) the absence of a cytoplasmic membrane. O 3) the absence of a cell wall. O 4) Have large capsules. 5) the presence of mycolic acid in their cell walls.arrow_forward
- Microbiologists have announced the discovery of over 30 new species of bacteria that thrive between the teeth and gums of humans. The bacteria could not be grown in the researcher's laboratories, nor were any of them ever observed via and kind of microscopy. If they couldn't culture them or see them, how could the researchers know they discovered a new species? If they couldn't examine the cells for the presence of a nucleus, how did they determine that the organisms were prokaryotes and not eukaryotes?arrow_forwardA particular bacterium is said to have a streptococcus morphology and arrangement. What does this mean? the cells are rod shaped and occur in clusters the cells are round and occur in chains the cells are round and occur in clusters the cells are spiral and occur singulararrow_forwardGram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls. True or False?arrow_forward
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