Physical Science
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862626
Author: Bill Tillery, Stephanie J. Slater, Timothy F. Slater
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 16QFT
Which has the greatest entropy: ice, liquid water, or water vapor? Explain your reasoning.
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Describe how entropy is decreased by bringing a substance from a gas, to a liquid, and finally to a solid. Be sure to use the terms order, disorder, energy, and entropy.
The pV diagram in (Figure 1) shows a process abc involving
0.550 mol of an ideal gas.
For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to view
a Video Tutor Solution of A cyclic process.
Figure
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
p(Pax 105)
0.020
0.040
0.060
b
0.080
1 of 1
-V(m³)
What was the temperature of this gas at points a, b, and c?
Enter your answers separated by commas.
LIVE ΑΣΦ
Tas To Tc 937.7,7654.12, 12296.59
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X Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining
Part B
Previous Answers Request Answer
How much work was done by or on the gas in this process?
Express your answer in joules.
W = 2.1×104 J
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Previous Answers
Part C
Correct
The work done in a process is the area under the curve in the pV diagram.
The work done by the gas is positive since the volume increases. The magnitude of the work is the area under the curve:
W = (2.0 × 105 Pa + 5.0 × 105 Pa)(0.070 m³ – 0.010 m³) = 2.10 × 10¹ J
VO
How much heat had to be put in during the process to increase the internal energy of…
Answer the following questions about the PV diagram shown in the picture.
Question 1: How much work is done by the gas in each cycle ADCA? Answer in joules.
Question 2: How much work is done by the gas in each cycle ADBA? Answer in joules.
Question 3: How much work is performed in the process AD? Answer in joules.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Physical Science
Ch. 4 - 1. The Fahrenheit thermometer scale is
a. more...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2ACCh. 4 - Prob. 3ACCh. 4 - 4. External energy refers to the
a. energy that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5ACCh. 4 - The specific heat of copper is 0.093 cal/gC, and...Ch. 4 - 7. The specific heat of water is 1.00 cal/gC°, and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8ACCh. 4 - Prob. 9ACCh. 4 - Prob. 10AC
Ch. 4 - Prob. 11ACCh. 4 - Prob. 12ACCh. 4 - 13. The energy supplied to a system in the form of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14ACCh. 4 - Prob. 15ACCh. 4 - Prob. 16ACCh. 4 - Prob. 17ACCh. 4 - Prob. 18ACCh. 4 - Prob. 19ACCh. 4 - Prob. 20ACCh. 4 - 21. The transfer of heat that takes place because...Ch. 4 - 22. Latent heat is “hidden” because it
a. goes...Ch. 4 - Prob. 23ACCh. 4 - 24. A heat engine is designed to
a. move heat from...Ch. 4 - 25. The work that a heat engine is able to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 26ACCh. 4 - Prob. 27ACCh. 4 - Prob. 28ACCh. 4 - 29. The cheese on a hot pizza takes a long time to...Ch. 4 - 30. The specific heat of copper is roughly three...Ch. 4 - Prob. 31ACCh. 4 - 32. Conduction best takes place in a
a. solid.
b....Ch. 4 - 33. Convection best takes place in a (an)
a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 34ACCh. 4 - Prob. 35ACCh. 4 - Prob. 36ACCh. 4 - Prob. 37ACCh. 4 - 38. At temperatures above freezing, the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 39ACCh. 4 - Prob. 40ACCh. 4 - Prob. 41ACCh. 4 - 42. The second law of thermodynamics tells us that...Ch. 4 - 43. The heat death of the universe in the future...Ch. 4 - 1. What is temperature? What is heat?
Ch. 4 - 2. Explain why most materials become less dense as...Ch. 4 - 3. Would the tight packing of more insulation,...Ch. 4 - 4. A true vacuum bottle has a double-walled,...Ch. 4 - 5. Why is cooler air found in low valleys on calm...Ch. 4 - 6. Why is air a good insulator?
Ch. 4 - 7. Explain the meaning of the mechanical...Ch. 4 - 8. What do people really mean when they say that a...Ch. 4 - 9. A piece of metal feels cooler than a piece of...Ch. 4 - 10. Explain how the latent heat of fusion and the...Ch. 4 - 11. What is condensation? Explain, on a molecular...Ch. 4 - 12. Which provides more cooling for a Styrofoam...Ch. 4 - 13. Explain why a glass filled with a cold...Ch. 4 - 14. Explain why a burn from 100°C steam is more...Ch. 4 - Briefly describe, using sketches as needed, how a...Ch. 4 - 16. Which has the greatest entropy: ice, liquid...Ch. 4 - 17. Suppose you use a heat engine to do the work...Ch. 4 - 1. Considering the criteria for determining if...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2FFACh. 4 - 3. Gas and plasma are phases of matter, yet gas...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4FFACh. 4 - 5. This chapter contains information about three...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6FFACh. 4 - 7. Explore the assumptions on which the “heat...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1IICh. 4 - Prob. 1PEBCh. 4 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 4 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 4 - 4. A 1.0 kg metal head of a geology hammer strikes...Ch. 4 - 5. A 60.0 kg person will need to climb a 10.0 m...Ch. 4 - 6. A 50.0 g silver spoon at 20.0°C is placed in a...Ch. 4 - 7. If the silver spoon placed in the coffee in...Ch. 4 - 8. How many minutes would be required for a 300.0...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9PEBCh. 4 - 10. A 1.00 kg block of ice at 0°C is added to a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 11PEBCh. 4 - Prob. 12PEBCh. 4 - Prob. 13PEBCh. 4 - 14. A heat engine converts 100.0 cal from a supply...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15PEB
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- The combined molecular kinetic energies of molecules in a cool lake are greater than the combined molecular kinetic energies of molecules in a cup of hot tea. Pretend you partially immerse the teacup in the lake and that the tea absorbs 10 calories from the water and becomes hotter, while the water that gives up 10 calories becomes cooler. Would this energy transfer violate the first law of thermodynamics? The second law of thermodynamics? Defend your answers.arrow_forwardThe change in pressure and volume of an enclosed gas taken from state A to state B at constant temperature is shown in the graph below (picture included). Was work done on the gas or by the gas? If the internal energy of the gas stayed the same during this process, did the gas absorb or release thermal energy? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardDescribe the relationship between entropy and ability to do work. Be sure to include the terms, entropy, order, disorder, temperature, volume, and work in your answer.arrow_forward
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