Chapter 4, Problem 15STP

To determine

To explain: The way lubricants can increase the efficiency of a machine.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Efficiency is measured as a ratio of output work to input work.

When different parts of a machine rub together, friction is produced. This slows down the machine, reduces output work and hence reduces efficiency. To increase efficiency, friction should be reduced. To do this, lubricant is used on the machine to make the surfaces smooth. Smooth surfaces produce less friction and hence increase efficiency.

Conclusion:

Lubricants can increase the efficiency of a machine by reducing friction.