Differential Equations: An Introduction to Modern Methods and Applications
Differential Equations: An Introduction to Modern Methods and Applications
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781118531778
Author: James R. Brannan, William E. Boyce
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 3.5, Problem 16P

Continuing Problem 15 , Show that the critical point ( 0 , 0 ) is a

a) Asymptotically stable if q > 0 and p < 0 ;

b) Stable if q > 0 and p = 0 ;

c) Unstable if q < 0 and p > 0 .

The result of Problem 15 and 16 are summarized visually in Figure 3.5.7 .

Chapter 3.5, Problem 16P, Continuing Problem 15, Show that the critical point (0,0) is a a) Asymptotically stable if q0 and

Figure 3.5.7 Stability diagram.

15. Consider the linear system d x d t = a 11 x + a 12 y , d y d t = a 21 x + a 22 y , where a 11 , a 12 , a 21 and a 22 are real constants. Let p = a 11 + a 22 , q = a 11 a 22 a 12 a 21 and Δ = p 2 4 q . Observe that p and q are the trace and determinant, respectively, of the coefficient matrix of the given system. Show that the critical point ( 0 , 0 ) is a

a) Node if q > 0 and Δ 0 ;

b) Saddle point if q < 0 ;

c) Spiral point if p 0 and Δ < 0 ;

d) Center if p = 0 and q > 0 .

Hint: These conclusion can be obtained by studying the eigenvalues λ 1 and λ 2 . It may also be helpful to establish, and then to use, the relation λ 1 λ 2 = q and λ 1 + λ 2 = p .

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Differential Equations: An Introduction to Modern Methods and Applications

Ch. 3.1 - Solving Linear Systems. In each of Problems 1...Ch. 3.1 - Solving Linear Systems. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.1 - In each of Problems through : Find the...Ch. 3.1 - In each of Problems through : Find the...Ch. 3.1 - In each of Problems 33 through 36: Find the...Ch. 3.1 - In each of Problems through : Find the...Ch. 3.1 - If , derive the result in Eq. for . …...Ch. 3.1 - Show that =0 is an eigenvalue of the matrix A if...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Writing Systems in Matrix Form. In each of...Ch. 3.2 - Show that the functions and are solutions of...Ch. 3.2 - (a) Show that the functions x(t)=et(2cos2tsin2t)...Ch. 3.2 - Show that is solution of the...Ch. 3.2 - (a) Show that x=et(2t1t1)+(6t+22t1) issolution of...Ch. 3.2 - Find the equilibrium solution, or critical point,...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 14PCh. 3.2 - In each of Problems through : Find the...Ch. 3.2 - In each of Problems through : Find the...Ch. 3.2 - In each of Problems 15 through 20: (a) Find the...Ch. 3.2 - In each of Problems 15 through 20: (a) Find the...Ch. 3.2 - In each of Problems 15 through 20: (a) Find the...Ch. 3.2 - In each of Problems through : Find the...Ch. 3.2 - Second Order Differential Equations. In Problems...Ch. 3.2 - Second Order Differential Equations. In Problems...Ch. 3.2 - Second Order Differential Equations. In Problems...Ch. 3.2 - Second Order Differential Equations. In Problems...Ch. 3.2 - In each of Problems 25 and 26, transform the given...Ch. 3.2 - In each of Problems 25 and 26, transform the given...Ch. 3.2 - Applications. Electric Circuits. The theory of...Ch. 3.2 - Applications. Electric Circuits. The theory of...Ch. 3.2 - Applications. Electric Circuits. The theory of...Ch. 3.2 - Mixing Problems. Each of the tank shown in...Ch. 3.2 - Consider two interconnected tanks similar to those...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of problems...Ch. 3.3 - In each of problems 13 through 16, solve the given...Ch. 3.3 - In each of problems 13 through 16, solve the given...Ch. 3.3 - In each of problems 13 through 16, solve the given...Ch. 3.3 - In each of problems 13 through 16, solve the given...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Phase Portraits and Component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.3 - Second order Equations. For Problems through...Ch. 3.3 - Second order Equations. For Problems through...Ch. 3.3 - Second order Equations. For Problems through...Ch. 3.3 - Second order Equations. For Problems through...Ch. 3.3 - Second order Equations. For Problems through...Ch. 3.3 - Second order Equations. For Problems 25 through...Ch. 3.3 - Obtaining exact, or approximate, expressions for...Ch. 3.3 - Electric Circuits. Problem 32 and 33 are concerned...Ch. 3.3 - Electric Circuits. Problem and are concerned...Ch. 3.3 - Dependence on a Parameter. Consider the system...Ch. 3.4 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.4 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.4 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of Problems...Ch. 3.4 - General Solutions of Systems. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - In each of Problems through, find the solution of...Ch. 3.4 - In each of Problems through, find the solution of...Ch. 3.4 - In each of Problems 7 through 10, find the...Ch. 3.4 - In each of Problems through, find the solution of...Ch. 3.4 - Phase Portraits and component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.4 - Phase Portraits and component Plots. In each of...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems ...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems 13...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems 13...Ch. 3.4 - Dependence on a Parameter. In each of Problems 13...Ch. 3.4 - Applications. Consider the electric circuit shown...Ch. 3.4 - Applications. The electric circuit shown in...Ch. 3.4 - Applications. In this problem, we indicate how to...Ch. 3.5 - General Solution and Phase Portraits. In each of...Ch. 3.5 - General Solutions and Phase Portraits. In each of...Ch. 3.5 - General Solutions and Phase Portraits. In each of...Ch. 3.5 - General Solutions and Phase Portraits. In each of...Ch. 3.5 - General Solutions and Phase Portraits. In each of...Ch. 3.5 - General Solutions and Phase Portraits. In each of...Ch. 3.5 - In each of Problems 7 through , find the solution...Ch. 3.5 - In each of Problems 7through 12, find the solution...Ch. 3.5 - In each of Problems 7 through , find the solution...Ch. 3.5 - In each of Problems 7 through , find the solution...Ch. 3.5 - In each of Problems 7 through , find the solution...Ch. 3.5 - In each of Problems 7 through , find the solution...Ch. 3.5 - Consider again the electric circuit in Problem 22...Ch. 3.5 - Trace Determinant Plane. Show that the solution of...Ch. 3.5 - Consider the linear system , where and are real...Ch. 3.5 - Continuing Problem 15, Show that the critical...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem 1 through 6: a)...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem 1 through 6: a)...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem 7 through 12:...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem 13 through 20:...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem 13 through 20:...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem through : Find...Ch. 3.6 - For each of the systems in Problem 13 through 20:...Ch. 3.6 - Consider the system in Example . Draw a component...Ch. 3.6 - In this problem we indicate how to find the...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 23PCh. 3.6 - An asymptotically stable limit cycle is a closed...Ch. 3.6 - A model for the population, x and y of two...Ch. 3.P1 - Assume that all the rate constants in , are...Ch. 3.P1 - Estimating Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of from...Ch. 3.P1 - Computing the Entries of from Its Eigenvalues and...Ch. 3.P1 - Given estimates Kij of the entries of K and...Ch. 3.P1 - Table 3.P.1 lists drug concentration measurements...Ch. 3.P2 - If represents the amount of drug (milligrams) in...Ch. 3.P2 - Prob. 2PCh. 3.P2 - Assuming that and , use the parameter values...Ch. 3.P2 - If a dosage is missed, explain through the...Ch. 3.P2 - Suppose the drug can be packaged in a...
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