Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 1SYK
Starting from primates, list the increasingly inclusive clades (from eutherians to chordates) and some of the derived characters that define each of these clades. Reviewing the phylogenetic tree on page 245 may help.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Through the phylogenetic tree of major groups of vertebrates provided below, answer the given table by numbering each node (the point where branches intersect) in the diagram. Then list the names of each group and write down the shared characteristic(s) of it. You may add more rows if needed.
Node Number
Animal Group 1
Animal Group 2
Animal Group 1&2 Shared Characteristics
Make a table separating the animals based on the physical properties such as:
I. Presence or absence of a backbone II. Ability to breathe in air or water III. Cold or warm blooded IV. Carnivore, herbivore, or omnivore V. Presence or absence of hair/fur VI. Any other external structure such as horns
After that, construct a phylogenetic tree (example is on the picture I uploaded)
Reading a Phylogenetic Tree
Use the tree below to answer the questions.
A Cladogram
Fig. 12.1
LANCELET
LAMPREY
GROUPER
SALAMANDER
TURTLE
WOLF
HAIR
AMNIOTIC EGGS
FOUR LEGGED LOCOMOTION
JAW BONES
VERTEBRAL COLUMN
The branching points on this diagram represent:
characteristics of the group of organisms
common ancestors
points where speciation occured
Chapter 34 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 34 - Name the animal shown in the following diagram and...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2IQCh. 34 - The following phylogenetic hypothesis shows the...Ch. 34 - a. List the derived characters of gnathostomes. b....Ch. 34 - a. What three lineages of lobe-fins survive today?...Ch. 34 - Describe the 375-million-year-old fishapod fossil...Ch. 34 - Identify the four extraembryonic membranes in the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 8IQCh. 34 - Prob. 9IQCh. 34 - a. List the derived characteristics of mammals. b....
Ch. 34 - Prob. 11IQCh. 34 - Starting from primates, list the increasingly...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 9TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYKFCh. 34 - Pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 34 - Non-bird reptiles have much lower caloric needs...Ch. 34 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 34 - It is thought that feathers first arose as a means...Ch. 34 - Prob. 15TYK
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Using the picture below, make a phylogenetic tree. Make sure that all seven (7) creatures, including the outgroup, are on the tree and assigned their own branch. Make sure all parts of the tree are properly labeled. Circle the different clades/monophyletic groups (many will be overlapping and that's okay). ALSO, In the lineage leading to each new node, be sure to indicate the shared derived character and how it has changed (e.g., if the synapomorphy was having eyes, we would indicate this on the tree by drawing something like this no eyes > eyes). Don't forget to add the root! Finally, circle all your clades/ monophyletic groups and give them informative names like a good little systematist! Please follow all these steps to create the phylogenetic tree. Do it correctly and completely. Do not use previous versions/answers.arrow_forwardnvestigate the changes in taxonomy since Linnaeus. Note major changes, such as the recognition that sponges are not plants (Linnaeus thought they were), the changing classification of barnacles (Linnaeus thought they were bivalves), and the breakdown of Linnaeus’s phylum, Vermes (worms). 2) Draw a cladogram of the primates, referring to Chapter 22. Include Homo sapiens and the other extinct species of the genus Homo to the best of our current knowledge. Compare to the cladograms in several of the most recent references listed in Chapter 22.arrow_forwarddraw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of Amniotes shown in the bottom figure, but with a different arrangement. You can exclude lungfishes and amphibians but include all other lineages. You can do this by swiveling the branches.arrow_forward
- Create a cladogram based on the morphological and molecular evidence. Comparative Morphology Data. Using your text and prior knowledge, determine the morphological characteristics of the organisms in table. For every characteristic the organism possesses, put a check in that box. Limbs Has Organism Multicellular Segmented Body Jaws Hair (not fins) Bone Amoeba Sponge Earthworm Shark Lizard Kangaroo Dolphin Cat Molecular Evidence. Cytochrome c is a protein located in the mitochondria of cells involved with cellular respiration. Compare each organism's Cytochrome CDNA sequences with the ancestor cell and each other. Circle or highlight the differences (mutations) present in the cytochrome CDNA sequences from ancestor cell. ANCESTOR CE AT TAGC GACCAGTATATCC TACAATC c GT CTACTTCATT0 A TTAGCG A C C A GT T T ATC C TA CA ATC CCGTCTACTTCAT 11 A GTT TATC CTAC ATT C C C GTATACTTC GT 13 CGTTTA TC CTACATT CC C GTCTACTTCG T 15 C G TITATC C TA CTIT C C CGTCTACTTCGT 18 CG TTTATC CTACTITC C C GT CTA…arrow_forwarddraw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of Amniotes shown in the top figure, but with a different arrangement. You can exclude lungfishes and amphibians but include all other lineages. You can do this by swiveling the branches.arrow_forwardReading a Phylogenetic Tree Use the tree below to answer the questions. A Cladogram Fig. 12.1 LANCELET LAMPREY GROUPER SALAMANDER TURTLE WOLF HAIR AMNIOTIC EGGS FOUR LEGGED LOCOMOTION JAW BONES VERTEBRAL COLUMN Which organism(s) on this tree have jaw bones: lancelet grouper salamander lamprey wolf turtle O Oarrow_forward
- Construct a character matrix with at least five characters for organisms beetle, pigeon, perch, salamander, and a mouse. (Pay attention to eyes, legs, number legs, antennae, body type/form; not limited to here). Then construct a phylogenetic tree using the character matrix and map the synapomorphies.arrow_forwardReading a Phylogenetic Tree Use the tree below to answer the questions. A Cladogram Fig. 12.1 LANCELET LAMPREY GROUPER SALAMANDER TURTLE WOLF HAIR AMNIOTIC EGGS FOUR LEGGED LOCOMOTION JAH BONES VERTEBRAL COLUMN Amniotic eggs are an example of a: shared derived character shared ancestral characterarrow_forwardDraw a phylogenetic tree based on characters 1-5 in the table below. Place hatch marks on the tree to indicate the origin of characters 1-6. Assume that tuna and dolphins are sister species and redraw the phylogenetic tree accordingly. Use hatch marks to indicate the origin of characters 1-6. How many evolutionary changes are required in each tree? Which tree is most parsimonious? Character Lancelet (outgroup) Lamprey Tuna Salamander Turtle Leopard Dolphin 1. Backbone 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2. Hinged Jaw 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 3. Four Limbs 0 0 0 1 1 1 1* 4. Amnion 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 5. Milk 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 6. Dorsal fin 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 *Dolphins have 4 limbs (2 fins and 2 hind limb buds as embryos)arrow_forward
- Compare the traditional and more recently proposed animal phylogenetic treesarrow_forwardAnswer the following questions about this phylogenetic tree. What animal represents the out group in this tree and why? What is the derived characteristic of the birds? What is the shared characteristic of 3 to 6? Which number represents the common ancestor of Ostriches and Hawks?arrow_forwardReading a Phylogenetic Tree Use the tree below to answer the questions. A Cladogram Fig. 12.1 LANCELET LAMPREY GROUPER SALAMANDER TURTLE WOLF HAIR AMNIOTIC EGGS FOUR LEGGED LOCOMOTION JAW BONES VERTEBRAL COLUMN Which organism is most closely related to the turtle? lancelet grouper salamander lamprey wolfarrow_forward
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