An Introduction to Thermal Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780201380279
Author: Daniel V. Schroeder
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Chapter 3.3, Problem 20P
To determine
The energy, magnetization, and entropy of the system and along with the method experimenters have to do to attain 99% of the maximum possible magnetization.
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Consider an ideal two-state electronic paramagnet such as DPPH,with µ = µB. In the experiment described above, the magnetic field strength was 2.06 T and the minimum temperature was 2.2 K. Calculate the energy, magnetization, and entropy of this system, expressing each quantity as a fraction of its maximum possible value. What would the experimenters have had to do to attain 99% of the maximum possible magnetization?
The Einstein model for a solid assumes the system consists of 3N independent simple harmonic oscillators with frequencies &. Within these assumptions, the heat capacity at constant volume as:
Cv=3Nk() (-1)²
²
Complete the table for the molar heat capacity at various temperatures under either the Einstein model or high-temperature limit. You might like to use the Wolfram Alpha calculator to do the numerical calculations more
easily. Use k-0.695 cm /K.
High temperature limit value of molar heat capacity of metal is
T
1 K
10 K
50 K
-1
Einstein, = 100 cm Einstein, : = 500 cm
1.4021
3.8991
100 K
500 K
2.434E-4
1000 K
6.1499
2434E-4
kJ/mol.
Show that the entropy of a two-state paramagnet, expressed asa function of temperature, is S = Nk [ln(2coshx) -x tanh x], where x = µB/kT.Check that this formula has the expected behavior as T → 0 and T → ∞ .
Chapter 3 Solutions
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Ch. 3.1 - Use Table 3.1 to compute the temperature of solid...Ch. 3.1 - Use the definition of temperature to prove the...Ch. 3.1 - Figure 3.3 shows graphs of entropy vs. energy for...Ch. 3.1 - Can a miserly system, with a concave-up...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 5PCh. 3.1 - Prob. 6PCh. 3.1 - Prob. 7PCh. 3.2 - Prob. 8PCh. 3.2 - In solid carbon monoxide, each CO molecule has two...Ch. 3.2 - An ice cube (mass 30 g) at 0C is left sitting on...
Ch. 3.2 - In order to take a nice warm bath, you mix 50...Ch. 3.2 - Estimate the change in the entropy of the universe...Ch. 3.2 - When the sun is high in the sky, it delivers...Ch. 3.2 - Experimental measurements of the heat capacity of...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 15PCh. 3.2 - A bit of computer memory is some physical object...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 17PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 18PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 19PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 20PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 21PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 22PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 23PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 24PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 26PCh. 3.4 - What partial-derivative relation can you derive...Ch. 3.4 - A liter of air, initially at room temperature and...Ch. 3.4 - Sketch a qualitatively accurate graph of the...Ch. 3.4 - As shown in Figure 1.14, the heat capacity of...Ch. 3.4 - Experimental measurements of heat capacities are...Ch. 3.4 - A cylinder contains one liter of air at room...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 33PCh. 3.4 - Polymers, like rubber, are made of very long...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 35PCh. 3.5 - Prob. 36PCh. 3.5 - Prob. 37PCh. 3.5 - Suppose you have a mixture of gases (such as air,...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 39P
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