Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3.3, Problem 15CC
Examining tissue from a previously unknown species of fish, you discover a tissue containing large amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in its cells. What is one possible function of these cells?
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Fibroblasts are motile cells that “creep” about in the connective tissue of the body where they play a number of roles, including secretion of the extracellular matrix and initiating certain wound healing events. These cells do not usually have microvilli nor do they express the actin-binding protein villin; both of these properties are characteristic of certain epithelial cells, such as those lining the intestine and kidneys. Remarkably enough, however, if one artificially engineers fibroblast cells to produce the villin protein, microvilli form on the fibroblasts. Given what you know about the function of villin, why might this striking change in cell morphology occur?
Answer the Guide Question:
a) Each cell in an organism has all of the basic parts. Each has a function that benefits the other cells, how might the presence of different cell structures in plant and animal help them perform their functions as an organism. Explain.
b) Why is the cell membrane considered as the guard of the cell?
c) Why is the lysosome considered as the suicide bag of the cell?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 3.2 - Name three types of lipids found in cell...Ch. 3.2 - Describe three types of membrane proteins and how...Ch. 3.2 - Why do phospholipids in cell membranes form a...Ch. 3.2 - How many phospholipid bilayers will a substance...Ch. 3.3 - Name the three sizes of cytoplasmic protein...Ch. 3.3 - How would the absence of a flagellum affect a...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 3.3 - Prob. 8CCCh. 3.3 - What is the function of motor proteins?Ch. 3.3 - What distinguishes organelles from inclusions?
Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 11CCCh. 3.3 - Prob. 12CCCh. 3.3 - Prob. 13CCCh. 3.3 - Prob. 14CCCh. 3.3 - Examining tissue from a previously unknown species...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 16CCCh. 3.4 - Prob. 17CCCh. 3.4 - Prob. 18CCCh. 3.4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 3.4 - Name two properties that distinguish endocrine...Ch. 3.4 - The basal lamina of epithelium contains the...Ch. 3.4 - You look at a tissue under a microscope and see a...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 23CCCh. 3.4 - What is the distinguishing characteristic of...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 25CCCh. 3.4 - Name six types of connective tissues.Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 27CCCh. 3.4 - Why does torn cartilage heal more slowly than a...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 29CCCh. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - In 1972, Singer and Nicolson proposed the fluid...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Define cytoskeleton. List five functions of the...Ch. 3 - Match each term with the description that fits it...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - Match each organelle with its function:Ch. 3 - Prob. 9RQCh. 3 - Prob. 10RQCh. 3 - List the four major tissue types. Give an example...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12RQCh. 3 - Prob. 13RQCh. 3 - Prob. 14RQCh. 3 - Prob. 15RQCh. 3 - Prob. 16RQCh. 3 - Which would have more rough endoplasmic reticulum:...Ch. 3 - A number of organelles can be considered vesicles....Ch. 3 - Prob. 19RQCh. 3 - Prob. 20RQCh. 3 - Prob. 21RQCh. 3 - Prob. 22RQCh. 3 - Explain how inserting cholesterol into the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24RQCh. 3 - Prob. 25RQCh. 3 - Prob. 26RQCh. 3 - Prob. 27RQCh. 3 - Prob. 28RQCh. 3 - One result of cigarette smoking is paralysis of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 30RQCh. 3 - Prob. 31RQ
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- certain cells in the pancreas of animals produce and secrete insulin. Which of the following organelles would be found in abundance in these cells? a.) centrioles and spindle fibers b.) lysosomes and peroxisomes c.) rough ER and golgi apperatusarrow_forwardDuring a microscopy exercise in the anatomy laboratory,a student makes the following observations about a tissuesection: (1) The section contains some different types ofscattered protein fibers—that is, they exhibit differentwidths, some are branched, some are long and unbranched,and their staining characteristics differ (some are seenonly with specific stains). (2) Several cell types withdifferent morphologies are scattered throughout the section,but these cells are not grouped tightly together. (3) Theexamined section has some “open spaces”—that is, placesbetween cells and the observed fibers in the section thatappear clear with no recognizable features. What type oftissue is the student observing? Where might this tissue befound in the body?arrow_forwardCancer cells can eventually metastasize (or spread) from their tissue of organ to distant sites throughout the body. Which of the three types of cytoskeletal components could be used to detect the tissue of organ of a metastatic cancer cell? Why? (For example, if you took a biopsy of a tumor that had spread to the lungs, how could use what you know about the cytoskeleton to determine where the cancer originated? )arrow_forward
- Cells lining the small intestine have numerous fingerlike projections on their free surface. What are these structures, and what is their function?arrow_forwardA tadpole matures into a frog, and its tail gradually disappears completely because some organelle may change during the life cycle of a cell. Identify the role of various organelles as the tadpole changes into a frog.arrow_forward(a) If you were to magnify a cell 10,000-fold (typical of the magnification achievedusing an electron microscope), how big would it appear? Assume you are viewing a“typical” eukaryotic cell with a cellular diameter of 50 μm.(b) If this cell were a muscle cell (myocyte), how many molecules of actin could ithold? Assume the cell is spherical and no other cellular components are present; actinmolecules are spherical, with a diameter of 3.6 nm. (c) If this were a liver cell (hepatocyte) of the same dimensions, how manymitochondria could it hold? Assume the cell is spherical; no other cellular components arepresent; and the mitochondria are spherical, with a diameter of 1.5 μmarrow_forward
- What is the function of the abundant endoplasmic reticulum in plasma cells? What other organelle(s) (described in Chapter 3) would be especially abundant in plasma cells? Why?arrow_forwardThe figure below shows a living cell from the lung epithelium of a newt at different stages in M phase. Identify the stage in M phase that each panel in the figure represents. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F)arrow_forwardTumors associated with breast cancer usually arise from either epithelial cells or fibroblasts. Because optimal treatment differs depending on the cellular origin of the tumor, it’s important for doctors to determine which cell type is present in a tumor. Unfortunately, the distinctive morphology of epithelial cells is lost when they become cancerous, so this determination cannot be made based on cell shape alone. How might determination of the class(es) of intermediate filaments present in tumor cells aid a doctor in figuring out which cell type is involved in the tumor?arrow_forward
- Most adjacent plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata, whereas only certain adjacent animal cells are connected through gap junctions. What might account for this difference?arrow_forwardGap junctions between cells allow direct contact of the cytoplasm between neighboring cells. What kind of cells might you find these in and how do they facilitate the function of these cells?arrow_forwardIn some eukaryote organisms, myocytes are a type of stem cell that become Muscle cells. These cells filled with a protein called myosin. Such cell products are stored in cell structures that are formed from: A) the nucleus, B) from the smooth ER as vesicles, C) are engulfed into the cell by phagocytosis, D) are released from the cell by the process of Exocytosis, E) the lysosomes.arrow_forward
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