Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 32, Problem 9RQ
Explain how fats are emulsified and digested in the vertebrate gut. Explain how bi le aids the digestive process even though it contains no enzymes. Provide an explanation for the following observation: fats are broken into fatty acids and monoglycerides in the intestinal lumen, but appear later in the blood as fat droplets.
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Chapter 32 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 32 - Distinguish the terms in the following pairs:...Ch. 32 - Suspension feeding is one of the most important...Ch. 32 - An animals feeding adaptations are an integral...Ch. 32 - Prob. 4RQCh. 32 - Compare intracellular with extracellular digestion...Ch. 32 - Which structural modifications vastly increase the...Ch. 32 - Prob. 7RQCh. 32 - Prob. 8RQCh. 32 - Explain how fats are emulsified and digested in...Ch. 32 - Explain the phrase diet-induced thermogenesis and...
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- Describe the two fates of glycerol after it has been converted to an intermediate of glycolysis. Describe what happens to the level of blood lipids after a meal rich in fat. What happens to the products of triglyceride digestion as they pass into the cells of the intestinal mucosa?arrow_forwardExplain how fiber-rich foods affect cholesterol absorption. Lipoproteins are clusters of lipids associated with proteins that serve as transport vehicles for lipids in the lymph and the blood. Discuss and give examples of the lipoproteins.arrow_forwardDescribe protein digestion by location: mouth, stomach, small intestine, enterocyte, large intestine. Define zymogen/proenzyme. Describe each key enzyme in protein digestion (including how each are activated). Describe the function and importance of enteropeptidase. Describe the function and importance of trypsin. Know the difference between an endogenous and exogenous peptidase. Describe the functions of brush border peptidases and cytosolic peptidases. Describe absorption of peptides and absorption of amino acid (they are different). Describe different fates of amino acids once they are absorbed and released into circulation. Describe what can happen if protein is not absorbed properly.arrow_forward
- Describe where in the digestive tract the chemical digestion of each of the following types of nutrients occurs:carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.arrow_forwardChoose the correct steps of lipid digestion. Emulsification in the stomach due to the grinding and mixing - emulsification is enhanced by bile salts → triacylglycerols of lipids are degraded to water and monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the small intestine. Formation of micelles in the stomach due to the grinding and mixing → triacylglycerols of lipids are degraded to free fatty acids and monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the small intestine. Emulsification in the stomach due to grinding and mixing → emulsification is enhanced by bile salts in the intestine → triacylglycerols of lipids are degraded to free fatty acids and monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the small intestine. Emulsification in the intestine due to the grinding and mixing → emulsification is enhanced by bile salts in the stomach → triacylglycerols of lipids are degraded to free fatty acids and monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the small intestine. Emulsification by bile salts in…arrow_forwardThere are several processes that take place from the moment food enters our mouth until it is completely digested and used for energy. Using approximately 400-500 words, describe in detail and in order of process the mechanical (stomach and intestine)and chemical (gastric acid and enzymes) digestion of eating a grilled chicken sandwich with mayonnaise, lettuce, and tomatoes. Note what role the pancreas, gallbladder, and liver play in digestion of the ingredients? From what ingredients is your body deriving its energy and how many basic calories from the macronutrients ingested? Include at least two scholarly references (using APA formatting and style) to guide your answers (note that you can use your textbook as one of your references).arrow_forward
- Briefly explain the process of protein digestion: where it occurs, what enzymes are involved, and the order of stepsarrow_forwardPut the following steps of fat digestion and absorption in order: 1. Bile coats fat droplets 3. Chylomicrons are formed 4. Chylomicrons are released into lymphatic system 5. Monoglycerides and fatty acids cross enterocyte cell membranes by diffusion 6. Pancreatic lipase break down fats a 1, 6, 5, 3, 4 b 1, 3, 4, 6, 5 c 6, 5, 1, 3, 4 d 6, 3, 4, 1, 5 e None of the answers are correctarrow_forwardDescribe the chemical digestion of proteins that occurs in the small intestine.arrow_forward
- Describe the neutralization reaction in the digestive system.arrow_forwardIn the intestine, the triacylglycerols must be converted to fatty acids and glycerol by hydrolytic enzymes before transport into enterocytes. Afterward, fatty acids and glycerol are reconverted into triacylglycerols and then packaged into chylomicrons. Suggest why this energy-requiring process is used instead of a direct transport of triacylglycerols into enterocytes.arrow_forwardIdentify the original site of these chemical secretions- these should be labeled on the diagram: Pepsin HCL (hydrochloric acid) Sucrase Lactase Maltase Bile Salivary amylase Pancreatic lipase Pancreatic amylase Aminopeptidase Sodium Bicarbonate Trypsin Carboxypeptidase Insulin Glucagonarrow_forward
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