Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 3.2, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason behind amino acids not being membrane-permanent weak bases or weak acids along with the reason for their failure in crossing the phospholipid bilayer.
Introduction:
Acid and base are the chemical substances that donate and receive hydrogen ions, respectively. Alkalinity and acidity of any substance are determined by the pH, a logarithmic scale. The acids and bases dissolve in water for the yielding of hydronium and hydroxide ion, respectively. The
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Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- why is unsaturated fatty acid used to maintain membrane fluidity and flexibility?arrow_forwardWhy do they do not penetrate through the lipid bilayer?arrow_forwardWhich of the following lipid components of the eukaryotic plasma membrane would be associated with the highest membrane fluidity? a triglyceride with unbranched, saturated, short-chain fatty acids a monoglyceride with unbranched, saturated, short-chain fatty acids a triglyceride with unbranched, saturated, long-chain fatty acids a monoglyceride with branched, unsaturated, short-chain fatty acids a diglyceride with unbranched, saturated, long-chain fatty acidsarrow_forward
- What advantage do unsaturated phospholipids have over saturated phospholipids in the lipid bilayer?arrow_forwardWhich portion of the phosphatidylinositol molecule contributes to (a) fluidity of the bilayer and (b) the surface polarity of the bilayer?arrow_forwardWould substances be able to pass through the plasma membrane if the phospholipid tails of the plasma membrane were both saturated fatty acids? Explain why or why not?arrow_forward
- A phospholipid bilayer with equal amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids displays a specific permeability to glucose. What effect will increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the bilayer have on the membrane's permeability to glucose?arrow_forwardProteins, like lipids, are free to move in the membrane. How do we know this?arrow_forwardHow commonly do specific lipidmolecules associate with membraneproteins to regulate their function?arrow_forward
- Why is the lipid bilayer of a cell freely permeable to water,which is quite polar, but is not freely permeable to ammonia,which is also polar and about the same molecular size?arrow_forwardWhich of the following describes how regions of phospholipids are arranged in the cell membrane? Hydrophobic fatty acid regions are positioned toward polar environments. Hydrophilic phosphate regions are positioned toward nonpolar environments. Hydrophilic phosphate regions face each other within the interior of the cell membrane. Hydrophobic fatty acid regions face each other within the interior of the cell membrane.arrow_forwardThe plasma membrane is composed of a variety of lipid molecules. 1. Phosphatidylethanolamine 2. Phosphatidylcholine 3. Phosphatidylinositol 4. Phosphatidylserine 5. Sphingomyelin 6. Glycolipids 7. Cholesterol. Which lipids contain sugar molecules?arrow_forward
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