Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3.15, Problem 1CR
Describe the process by which a fatty acid such as palmitate (a C16 straight-chain saturated fatty acid) is synthesized in a cell.
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Name the starting material for fatty acid synthesis.
Describe denovo synthesis of saturated long chain fatty acid and its regulation.
Please calculate the number of ATP that can be generated from one molecule of the fatty
acid shown below. (Please "explain" your calculation step-by-step)
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - Which four chemical elements make up the bulk of a...Ch. 3.1 - Which two classes of macromolecules contain most...Ch. 3.1 - Differentiate between trace metals and growth...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.2 - Compare and contrast simple transporters, the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.2 - Cells of Escherichia coli transport lactose via...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.3 - Prob. 1CR
Ch. 3.4 - What is free energy?Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.4 - Using Table 3.2, calculate G0 for the reaction...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.7 - How much free energy is released when ATP is...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.8 - Which reactions in glycolysis are redox steps?Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.8 - How is ATP made in fermentation and in...Ch. 3.9 - How many molecules of CO2, NADH, and FADH2 are...Ch. 3.9 - What two major roles do the citric acid cycle and...Ch. 3.9 - Why is the glyoxylate cycle necessary for growth...Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.10 - Which electron carriers described in this section...Ch. 3.10 - List some of the key electron carriers found in...Ch. 3.11 - How do electron transport reactions generate the...Ch. 3.11 - How much energy is released per NADH oxidized...Ch. 3.11 - What structure in the cell links the proton motive...Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.12 - What is the major difference between aerobic...Ch. 3.13 - What form of activated glucose is used in the...Ch. 3.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.13 - What functions does the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 3.13 - What is the importance of the enzyme...Ch. 3.14 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.14 - List the steps required for the cell to...Ch. 3.14 - Which nitrogen bases are purines and which are...Ch. 3.14 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.15 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.15 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.15 - Describe the process by which a fatty acid such as...Ch. 3 - Using the data of Figure 3.10, predict the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2AQ
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- Describe a pathway whereby some of the carbon from a fatty acid with an odd-numbered carbon chain could undergo a net conver- sion to carbohydrate.arrow_forwardIs it possible for fatty acid chains to be broken down to produce ATP in the absence of oxygen?arrow_forwardIdentify the regulatory processes in cholesterol synthesis.arrow_forward
- Explain why the CIS form is the predominant confiiguration of unsaturated fatty acids?arrow_forwardExplain the Binding of a fatty acid to the hydrophobic pocket of a fatty acid-binding protein (FABP).arrow_forwardExplain the affect on the structure and physical properties of a fatty acid when increasing the unsaturation level. What affect would having more unsaturated phospholipids have on a cell membrane?arrow_forward
- Trans-fatty acids are synthetic forms of fatty acids made from altered unsaturated fatty acids. Trans-fatty acids are denser, solid at room temperature, and store more energy in the same unit of volume than unsaturated fatty acids. The production of trans-fatty acids involves the reorientation of one of the hydrogen atoms attached to a double-bonded car- bon atom, as illustrated in the figure below. unsaturated fatty acid OHHHHH HOC CCCC-c II I I HHHH trans-fatty acid |||| Molecular model of an unsaturated and trans-fatty acid Based on the structures shown above, H -C-C-C-C-C-H HHHHH TTTTT !!!!! HHHHH OHHHHH | ! ! ! ! ! HO-C-C-C-C-c-c IIII HHHH H HHHHH H HH III C-C-C-H I (a) Identify one property of all fatty acids. (b) Describe one of the functions of fatty acids in living systems. (c) Explain how the reorientation of the hydrogen atom as shown in the image allows the trans- fatty acids to be denser and solid at room temperature. Respond to each part in 3 to 5 complete sentences.arrow_forwardDiscuss the relationship between lactic acid and lactate.arrow_forwardWhy can’t fatty acids be used to synthesize glucose?arrow_forward
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