Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 31, Problem 5WIO
Summary Introduction
To describe:
The path of a
Concept introduction:
The breathing includes inhalation or the inspiration and the expiration or the exhalation. The inspiration is the movement of the air into the lungs and expiration is the movement of air outside of the lungs. The goal of breathing is to deliver oxygen to the body and to take away carbon dioxide. The lungs are the main organs of the respiratory system.
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The alveolar walls are composed of two types of cells type I
and type II pneumocytes. The function of type II cells is to
O increase surface tension
O secrete surfactant
O decrease surface tension
O trap dust and other debris
O b) and c)
O b) and d)
The epithelium in the Primary Bronchi is
the Terminal Bronchiole epithelium is, the Type I alveoli epithelium is
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Pneumonia interferes with CO2 elimination and O₂ uptake primarily by:
Slowing diffusion by reducing the surface area of alveoli
Reducing air flow into and out of the lungs by reducing the cross sectional area of the airways
Decreasing the partial pressure of the air in the alveoli.
O loss of elasticity of the lungs making it difficult to move air into and out of the lungs
O increasing the diffusion distance due to buildup of fluid within the alveoli
Which of the following is not part of the respiratory membrane?
all of the other answers are part of the respiratory membrane
the squamous cells of the alveoli
areolar connective tissue
a basement membrane
the endothelium of the capillary
Chapter 31 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 31.1 - Prob. 1MCCh. 31.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 31.1 - Differentiate between aerobic cellular...Ch. 31.1 - An earthworm prefers moist soil. Why does this...Ch. 31.1 - Prob. 5MCCh. 31.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 31.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 31.2 - Describe the relationships among the trachea,...Ch. 31.2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 31.3 - What is the relationship between the volume of the...
Ch. 31.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 31.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 31.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 31.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 31.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 31.4 - Prob. 4MCCh. 31.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 31.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 31 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 31 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 31 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 31 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 31 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 31 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 31 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 31 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 31 - Write a paragraph comparing four types of...Ch. 31 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 31 - How does blood transport most CO2? In what other...Ch. 31 - People who suffer from claustrophobia are afraid...Ch. 31 - Prob. 12WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 13WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 14WIOCh. 31 - Prob. 15WIOCh. 31 - How are the lungs similar to the stomata of...Ch. 31 - Prob. 1PITCh. 31 - Prob. 2PITCh. 31 - 3. Add terms to the concept map to explain the...
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- O_{2} is loaded into the blood from the alveolar air and is primarily converted into hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide breaks down to form hydrogen ions and water, the hydrogen lons bind to hemoglobin and cause carbon dioxide to be displaced, the displaced carbon dioxide is unloaded from the blood to the alveolar air and is ultimately exhaled. Where is this sequence of events occurring?arrow_forwardParticulate contamination of the alveoli can result in serious respiratory disease. What three structural and cellular mechanisms are there for reducing the chances of such contamination?arrow_forwardGAS EXCHANGE Describe the adaptation of the alveoli.arrow_forward
- Discuss the factors that affect O2 and CO2 transport inthe blood.arrow_forwardExplain the role of hemoglobin in gas transport.arrow_forwardIf it weren't for the body's compensatory mechanisms, which of the following would decrease how well an alveolus is ventilated? Select all that apply. O A constricted bronchiole leading to the alveolus O A dilated bronchiole leading to the alveolus O A longer-than-average bronchiole leading to the alveolus O A shorter-than-average bronchiole leading to the alveolus O The alveolus is smaller than average O The alveolus is larger than averagearrow_forward
- Suppose a patient is receiving oxygen by mask. Are the arterioles leading into the O2-enriched alveoli dilated or constricted? What is the advantage of this response?arrow_forwardName the nine major structures of the alveolar-capillary membrane through which a gas molecule must diffuse.arrow_forwardThe PO2 in the alveolar space is [ Choose than the PO2 in the capillaries entering the alveoli. [Choose ) less than greater than equal to 02 the alveolar capillaries. leaves enters The PCO2 in the alveolar space is than the PC02 in the capillaries entering the alveoli. [ Choose ] CO2 the alveolar capillaries. [ Choose The PO2 in the tissues is than the PO2 in the capillaries entering the tissues. [ Choose ) 02 the tissue capillaries. [ Choose The PCO2 in the tissues is than [ Choose ) the PC02 in the capillaries entering the tissues. CO2 the tissue capillaries. [ Choose ) > > > > >arrow_forward
- Describe three ways carbon dioxide can be transported from cellsto the lungs.arrow_forwardWhich of the following paths does CO2 follow from blood to the air space of an alveolus?arrow_forwardDescribe how O2 affinity for Hb changes during circulation from the lungs to the periphery and back to the lungs.arrow_forward
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