Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 6MCQ
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
- 1. capsule—negative stain
- 2. cell arrangement—simple stain
- 3. cell size—negative stain
- 4.
Gram stain —bacterial identification - 5. none of the above
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What is the purpose of fixing a smear?
Mark all that apply:
1. To attach the bacteria to the slide
2. To cause the cells to shrink and become distorted
3. To kill the bacteria so they aren't harmed by the staining method
4. To break down the cell wall in order to make the cells accept stain
5. To kill the bacteria to make the slide safer to handle
A capsule stain is kind of:
A Simple and Negative Stain
B Differential and negative stain
C Simple Stain
D Differential stain
E Negative Stain
Why is it important to limit the quantity of cells used to prepare a smear?
Mark all that apply:
1. So that cells are not clumped and don't entrap stain creating erroneous results
2. So that the cells are spread out enough that cell morphology can be discerned
3. So that there are small groups of cells clumped together to make them visible
4. So that no contaminants are introduced onto the slide by being entrapped in clumps
5. So that the cells are spread out enough that the arrangement can be observed
Chapter 3 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 3 - Fill in the following blanks. 1. 1 m = ________ m...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2RCh. 3 - Prob. 3RCh. 3 - Prob. 4RCh. 3 - Prob. 5RCh. 3 - Why is a mordant used in the Gram stain? In the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7RCh. 3 - Prob. 8RCh. 3 - Fill in the following table regarding the Gram...Ch. 3 - NAME IT A sputum sample from Calle, a 30-year-old...
Ch. 3 - Through the microscope, the green structures are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 3 - Carbolfuchsin can be used as a simple stain and a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 3 - Which of the following is not a functionally...Ch. 3 - Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 1....Ch. 3 - Assume you stain Clostridium by applying a basic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 3 - In 1996, scientists described a new tapeworm...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 3 - Prob. 1ACh. 3 - Prob. 2ACh. 3 - Why isnt the Gram stain used on acid-fast...Ch. 3 - Endospores can be seen as refractile structures in...Ch. 3 - In 1882, German bacteriologist Paul Erhlich...Ch. 3 - Laboratory diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae...Ch. 3 - Assume that you are viewing a Gram-stained sample...
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- Which of the following are true about a differential stain. There may be more than one answer! No chemicals are needed. More than one stain is used The acid fast stain is an example The Gram stain is an example.arrow_forwardTable 1. Different Staining Techniques Gram Stain Acid Fast Endospore Capsule Flagella 1. Principle 2. Characteristic of Bacteria viewed using this stain. (e.g. bacterial type, strain, or targeting particular bacterial feature/s) 3. Stain/s Used 4. Type of Stain 5. Mechanism of Staining stain used) (of each 6. Flow of Methodarrow_forwardWhich of the following places the steps of the Gram stain in the correct order? 1-Alcohol-acetone 2-Crystal violet 3-Safranin 4-lodine O 2-1-4-3 2-4-1-3 O 1-2-3-4 O 1-3-2-4 O 4-3-2-1arrow_forward
- 1.)What is the purpose of a counterstain? 2. What does a mordant do in the Gram stain procedure? Which reagent in the Gram stain is the mordant? 3. True or False? The oil objective should make contact with the oil on the slide. 4. Why is it necessary to let bacterial smears completely air dry before heat fixing? 5.Why should controls be included wherever possible for any staining technique? 6. Why is it necessary to heat the slides while staining for endospores?arrow_forwardSelect all that apply to a negative stain: 1. involves a washing step 2. cells may be distorted or shrunken 3. uses an acidic or negatively charged dye which stains the background 4. uses multiple dyes in the procedure 5. uses only 1 dye in the procedure 6. involves fixing 7. does not involve fixing 8. cells will not be distorted or shrunken 9. does not involve a washing step 10. can show cell morphology, size, and arrangement 11. uses a basic or positively charged dye which stains the bacterial cellsarrow_forwardWhich two staining techniques employ a chemical (using a reagent, not a physical method) mordant? Gram stain; Acid-fast stain. O Gram stain; Capsule stain. O Capsule stain; Flagella stain. Gram stain; Flagella stain. O Simple stain; Acid-fast stain.arrow_forward
- 1.why is gram stain considered a differential stain? 2.How do gram positive and gram negative bacteria differ in cellular structure, and how does this contribute to their differential staining properties? 3.How does the age of a culture affect the gram stain reaction? What is an optimum culture age for a valid gram reaction? 4.Which step in the gram stain procedure is most prone to error?If done correctly how might that step affect the end result? 5.what is the function of mordant, and which reagent serves this purpose in the gram stain procedure? 6.List the reagents of the gram star technique in order and their general role in the staining process. 7.In what type of cell, gram -positive or gram-negative , would you find lipopolysaccharide in its cell wall?arrow_forwardWhy is it necessary to use a 24-hrold culture in gram staining? What does Gram staining reveal owing to its use in clinical diagnosis? Indicate color staining results of gram positive and negative bacteria for every hypothetical scenario. Modification in Procedure Staining results 1. Crystal violet was replaced with methylene blue. G+ G- 2. Mordant was skipped G+ G- 3. Decolorizing step was omitted G+ G- 4. counterstain was not used? G+ G- 5. Crystal violet and safranin was swapped in position. G+ G- What bacterial specimen represent the following: (a) positive simple staining; and (b) negative simple staining viewed under OIO. Provide details such as specimen and bacterial stain used and reference. Positive Staining 1000 X Negative Staining 1000 Xarrow_forwardWhy is it important to limit the quantity of cells used to prepare a smear? Mark all that apply: O So that cells are not clumped and don't entrap stain creating erroneus results So that no contaminants are introduced onto the slide by being entrapped in clumps OSo that the cells are spread out enough that cell morphology can be discerned OSo that the cells are spread out enough that the arrangement can be observed O So that there are small groups of cells clumped together to make them visible Microsoft Bing 11:31 AM 87°F Sunny 9/14/2021arrow_forward
- Describe the bacteria observed in different staining procedures. Please refer to the photo - Gram Stain - Acid fast stainarrow_forwardOut of the three gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis). Which of the following test(s) will help me identify the unknown gram-positive bacteria? Gram Stain Wet Mount (motility testing) Endospore Staining Acid Fast Staining Differential & Selective Media (MacConkey, PEA, EMB, MSA Agar, Blood Agar, etc.) Oxidative-Fermentative Test Carbohydrate Fermentation MR-VP Testing Indole Production Citrate Utilization Triple Sugar Iron Testing Catalase Testarrow_forwardWhat stain technique must this be? What is used to stain the background? What is used to stain the bacterial cell (in our method)? What structure is the clear (white) layer? Do we heat fix this? Capsule stain, No heat fixation, crystal violet, copper sulfate,arrow_forward
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