Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The given pictures to be predicted as
Concept Introduction:
Atomic radii: The distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron of the atom.
Ionic radii: The distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron of the ion.
Formation of ions:
Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, converts the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.
Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.
Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.
The symbolic representation of ions:
The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge in superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge in superscript to the symbol of the element.
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
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