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Introduction:
When Sun burns all the hydrogen in its core, the thermonuclear reaction stops which result in the unbalanced inward gravity force and the star starts compressing inward. The contraction of the Sun leads to an increase in the collision rate, thus results into the rise in temperature in the star, at a certain point, the temperature becomes high enough in the core to launch helium burning, later when Sun runs out of helium; it gives a large burst, and this temperature is high enough to ignite the thermonuclear reaction that converts helium into carbon. Due to the formation of carbon, the huge amount of energy is liberated and Sun will expand in size and appear red giant star. When all the carbon in the star cools down with time and this result into a formation of a dying star called white dwarf.
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Conceptual Integrated Science
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- Which of the following binary star systems cannot exist? A. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance. B. A 15 solar-mass main sequence star and a 10 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance. C. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar-mass main sequence star. D. A 2 solar-mass main sequence star and a 1 solar mass red giant with a size a few times smaller than the orbital distance.arrow_forwardProtostar A. among the most massive and brightest stars Main Sequence B. a star after it has used all of its nuclear fuel Giant C. a gravitational field so strong that not even light can escape upergiant D. star in the longest stage of life (90% of stars) Neutron Star E. a super bright explosion of a star Black Hole F. created when a star loses its outer layers of gases White Dwarf G. extremely dense remnants of a dead star Black Dwarf H. young star in the early stages of formation jupernova 1. star that no longer gives off heat or light Planetary Nebula J. star that is larger and brighter than a main sequence star : A : E : Farrow_forwardWhich of the following is wrong? A. Tidal effects in a binary star system become more important when one or both stars become giant stars. B. There is no fusion occurring in the core of a low-mass red giant star. C. Gold (the element) is produced during the supernova explosions of high-mass stars. D. Suppose the star Betelgeuse were to become a supernova tomorrow, we'd see by naked eyes a cloud of gas expanding away from the position where Betelgeuse used to be. Over a period of a few weeks, this cloud would fill a large part of our sky.arrow_forward
- As a white dwarf cools, its radius will not change because a. pressure resulting from nuclear reactions in a shell just below the surface keeps it from collapsing. b. pressure does not depend on temperature for a white dwarf because the electrons are degenerate. c. pressure does not depend on temperature because the white dwarf is too hot. d. pressure does not depend on temperature because the star has exhausted all its nuclear fuels. e. material accreting onto it from a companion maintains a constant radius.arrow_forwardThe next generation of stars that form from clouds containing material from stars that have undergone supernova explosions will be ______________________ than the present generation of stars. a. bigger b. smaller c. hotter d. more metal rich e. more metal poorarrow_forwardExplain how some stars form in binary systems. ...arrow_forward
- If a stellar remnant is greater than 3 solar masses, the resulting object will be a a. red dwarf. b. white dwarf. c. neutron star. d. black hole.arrow_forwardBlack holes are formed by A. collapsed dark nebulae. B. supernovae from binary stars. C. a lack of any light in a region of space. D. supernovae from the most massive stars.arrow_forward______________________________ require(s) that a young hot star (T ≥ 25,000 K) be relatively nearby. a. Emission nebulae b. HI regions c. Molecular clouds d. The hot gas of the interstellar medium e. 21-cm radiationarrow_forward
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