Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 28.7, Problem 2MQ
- Compare the advantages and disadvantages of EIA, rapid tests, and immunoblots with respect to speed, sensitivity, and specificity.
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Describe the principles behind direct and indirect fl uorescent antibody tests.
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Chapter 28 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 28.1 - The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is...Ch. 28.1 - Identify and discuss the standard safety...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 28.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 28.2 - How can the spread of HAIs be controlled?Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 28.3 - What are the key points necessary for proper...Ch. 28.3 - Identify culture methods and conditions used for...Ch. 28.3 - QWhy is it important to process clinical specimens...Ch. 28.4 - Describe the disc diffusion test and the Etest for...
Ch. 28.4 - What is the value of antimicrobial drug...Ch. 28.4 - QDescribe the disc diffusion test for antibiotic...Ch. 28.5 - Explain the reasons for changes in antibody titer...Ch. 28.5 - Describe the method, time frame, and rationale for...Ch. 28.5 - What advantages do monoclonal antibodies have...Ch. 28.5 - QWhy does antibody titer rise after infection? Is...Ch. 28.6 - How is the bivalence of antibodies significant for...Ch. 28.6 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 28.6 - Why are agglutination tests so widely used in...Ch. 28.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 28.7 - Compare the advantages and disadvantages of EIA,...Ch. 28.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 28.8 - What advantage(s) does nucleic acid amplification...Ch. 28.8 - How do quantitative PCR (qPCR) and qualitative PCR...Ch. 28.8 - Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative...Ch. 28.9 - Compare and contrast live attenuated vaccines,...Ch. 28.9 - Identify the advantages of alternative...Ch. 28.9 - QList the immunizations recommended for children...Ch. 28.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 28.10 - How does the activity of each antibiotic class...Ch. 28.10 - What are the sources of aminoglycosides,...Ch. 28.10 - Antibiotics are chemically diverse antimicrobial...Ch. 28.11 - What steps in the viral maturation process are...Ch. 28.11 - Why are there fewer clinically effective...Ch. 28.11 - Why is host toxicity a common problem with...Ch. 28.12 - Identify the basic mechanisms of antibiotic...Ch. 28.12 - What does vancomycin have in common with...Ch. 28.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 28.12 - What practices contribute to the spread of...Ch. 28 - Define the procedures you would use to isolate and...Ch. 28 - Prob. 2AQCh. 28 - Describe three important reasons why semisynthetic...Ch. 28 - Imagine yourself as a clinical microbiologist with...
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- Name the technique based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction used in detection of a virus (HIV).arrow_forwardDefine Blue/White Screening. Explain principle mechanism of this approach briefly.arrow_forwardWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of agglutinationtests versus fluorescent antibody assays? How are the latter usedto identify specific cells in complex mixtures, such as blood?arrow_forward
- Differentiate process of the reaction for capture assays. Compare to other immunoassays like competitive and non-competitive.arrow_forwardEIAs are extremely sensitive diagnostic tools. Why,then, is the immunoblot (Western blot) procedure usedto confirm screening tests that are positive for humanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV)?arrow_forwardBriefly describe the principles and give an example of the use of aspecific test using immunoelectrophoresis, Western blot, complementfixation, fluorescent testing (direct and indirect), and immunoassays(direct and indirect ELISA).arrow_forward
- Explain how labeled antibodies are used in direct and indirect tests.arrow_forwardThere are many immunotherapeutics now being used to immunomodulate recipients that are either fully human monoclonal antibodies or partially humanized monoclonal antibodies. Discuss whether or not they may interfere with solid phase antibody assays, CDC assays or cell based flow cytometry crossmatches.arrow_forwardIn relation to immunotechnology, answer the following: explain the reason behind developing different forms of Monoclonal antibodies (chimeric MABs, humanized MABs, and fully human MABs)arrow_forward
- In relation to immunotechnology, answer the following: Give an example of murine Monocolonal Antibody produced by hybridoma technology?arrow_forwardBriefl y describe the principles and give an example of the use of a specifi c test using immunoelectrophoresis, Western blot, complement fi xation, fl uorescent testing (direct and indirect), and immunoassays (direct and indirect ELISA)arrow_forwardOutline the principle behind the following techniques: 1. Immunofixation 2. Southern blotting 3. Ion exchange chromatograph 4. SDS-PAGE.arrow_forward
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