Biochemistry
Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 28, Problem 2P

The Enzymatic Activities of DNA Polymerase I (a) What are the respective roles of the 5 -exonudease and 3 -exonuclease activities of DNA polymerase I? (b) What might be a feature of an E. coli strain that lacked DNA polymerase I 3 -exonuclease activity?

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2a) There are two different DNA polymerase enzymes, DNA Polymerase I and DNA Polymerase III, that are active during prokaryotic DNA replication. Suppose you generated a mutant E. coli strain in which DNA Polymerase III was inactivated (all its enzymatic activities were non-functional) - assuming that all the other enzymes involved in replication remained fully functional, how would DNA replication in these mutant cells without DNA Pol III differ from DNA replication in normal E. coli? Briefly explain why you would expect to see that change/those changes in DNA replication in the mutant cells.
All known DNA polymerases catalyze synthesis only in the 5' → 3' direction.  Nevertheless, during semiconservative DNA replication in the cell, they are able to catalyze the synthesis of both daughter chains, which would appear to require synthesis in the 3' → 5' direction on one strand.  Explain the process that occurs in the cell that allows for synthesis of both daughter chains by DNA polymerase
The 3′ → 5′ exonuclease activity of Pol I excises only unpaired 3′-terminal nucleotides from DNA, whereas this enzyme’s pyrophosphorolysis activity removes only properly paired 3′-terminal nucleotides. Discuss the mechanistic signifi cance of this phenomenon in terms of the polymerase reaction.
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