Chapter 28, Problem 28.41AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The “second messenger” inside the cell that results from the epinephrine message should be determined. It should be explained that whether the ratio of epinephrine molecules to second messenger is less than $\text{1:1,}\text{1:1}$ or greater than $\text{1:1}$

Concept Introduction:

Secondary messengers are short lived intracellular signaling molecules. Elevated concentration of these types of messengers leads to rapid alteration in the activity of one or more cellular enzymes.

cAMP is a cyclic nucleotide and it is a second messenger which is synthesized from ATP by the action of the enzyme adenylyl cyclase. Chemically cAMP is a 3’,5’- adenosine monophosphate.

Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of reaction by lowering the energy of activation and so they are known as “biological catalysts”