The correct sequence for the four reactions of the β-oxidation pathway in terms of the “type of reaction occurring” has to be identified. Concept introduction: β-oxidation is a catabolic process occurring in the body through which, fatty acid molecules are broken down in the mitochondria of the cells to generate energy. The process involves breaking down long fatty acid chains that have been converted to acyl CoA chains into smaller fatty acyl CoA chains. The reaction produce acetyl CoA, FADH 2 and NADH. These three molecules later enter the Krebs cycle where they are used to produce ATP molecules.

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Question 15 Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) or von Gierke's disease, is the most common of the glycogen storage diseases. This genetic disease results from deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. The metabolic outcomes of GSD I are likely to include: O Low blood glucose, increased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O High blood glucose, decreased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O Low blood glucose, increased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O Low blood glucose, decreased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys High blood glucose, decreased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O High blood glucose, increased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O High blood glucose, increased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O Low blood glucose, decreased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys

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Chapter 25.4, Problem 4QQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct sequence for the four reactions of the β-oxidation pathway in terms of the “type of reaction occurring” has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

β-oxidation is a catabolic process occurring in the body through which, fatty acid molecules are broken down in the mitochondria of the cells to generate energy. The process involves breaking down long fatty acid chains that have been converted to acyl CoA chains into smaller fatty acyl CoA chains. The reaction produce acetyl CoA, FADH₂ and NADH. These three molecules later enter the Krebs cycle where they are used to produce ATP molecules.

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Question 15 Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) or von Gierke's disease, is the most common of the glycogen storage diseases. This genetic disease results from deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. The metabolic outcomes of GSD I are likely to include: O Low blood glucose, increased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O High blood glucose, decreased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O Low blood glucose, increased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O Low blood glucose, decreased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys High blood glucose, decreased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O High blood glucose, increased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O High blood glucose, increased blood pH, decreased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys O Low blood glucose, decreased blood pH, increased glycogen storage in liver and kidneys

Question 41 Which of the following compounds is a ketone body? O a) acetoacetate b) oxaloacetate c) acetyl CoA d) more than one correct response

15.7) Determine whether each of the following changes is an oxidation or reduction. a) gain of electrons reduction b) loss of electrons oxidation c) Fe²+ to Fe³+ oxidation d) NADH to NAD+ oxidation lost bond to hydrogen atom e) FAD to FADH₂ reduction gained bond to hydrogen atom f) CH4 to CO₂ oxidation gained bonds to oxygen atoms and lost bonds to hydrogen atoms g) NAD+ to NADH reduction gained bond to hydrogen atom EXPLANATION: A useful mnemonic to differentiate oxidation and reduction is the term "OILRIG" (Oxidation is the Loss of electrons; Reduction is the Gain of electrons). It is possible to identify redox reactions for inorganic compounds by inspecting the chemical equation and determining if electrons are transferred from one species to another. If the charge of an atom or ion in a reactant was increased (toward positive) in the conversion of reactants to products, an oxidation occurred. If the charge of an atom or ion in a reactant was decreased (toward negative) in the…