Microeconomics
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259915727
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 23, Problem 5RQ
To determine
Impact of elementary education on the labor supply.
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PROBLEMS 1. Workers are compensated by firms with “benefits” in addition to wages and salaries. The most prominent benefit offered by many firms is health insurance. Suppose that in 2000, workers at one steel plant were paid $20 per hour and in addition received health benefits at the rate of $4 per hour. Also suppose that by 2010 workers at that plant were paid $21 per hour but received $9 in health insurance benefits. LO17.1
By what percentage did total compensation (wages plus benefits) change at this plant from 2000 to 2010? What was the approximate average annual percentage change in total compensation?
By what percentage did wages change at this plant from 2000 to 2010? What was the approximate average annual percentage change in wages?
If workers value a dollar of health benefits as much as they value a dollar of wages, by what total percentage will they feel that their incomes have risen over this time period? What if they only consider wages when calculating their incomes?…
Suppose that low-skilled workers employed in clearing woodland can each clear one acre per month if each is equipped with a shovel, a machete, and a chainsaw. Clearing one acre brings in $1,000 in revenue. Each worker’s equipment costs the worker’s employer $150 per month to rent and each worker toils 40 hours per week for four weeks each month. LO17.6
Now consider the employer’s total costs. These include the equipment costs as well as a normal profit of $50 per acre. If the firm pays workers the minimum wage of $6.20 per hour, what will the firm’s economic profit or loss be per acre?
At what value would the minimum wage have to be set so that the firm would make zero economic profit from employing an additional low-skilled worker to clear woodland?
The following labor market graph applies to questions 13-16.
Consider the following competitive labor market situation before and after a tax is levied on
labor suppliers. (This would be as if the companies did not withhold any taxes from workers'
paychecks. The workers would always be the ones mailing in any taxes owed on their pay
from the firms.)
W
wd
Wo
Ws
Imp
E
L
L₁ Lo
D(no tax)
D. (with tax)
L
13. Before the tax is imposed, firms' surplus is given by the area A + B + C. This surplus
measures
O the workers' addition to profit.
O how much the firm is paying the workers.
O how much more the workers are getting paid compared the combined minima the workers are willing
to work for.
O the firms' combined revenues.
O the size of the wage.
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- A software company in Silicon Valley uses programmers (labor) and computers (capital) to produce apps for mobile devices. The firm estimates that when it comes to labor, MPL = 5 apps per month while PL = $1,000 per month. And when it comes to capital, MPC = 8 apps per month while PC = $1,000 per month. If the company wants to maximize its profits, it should: LO16.5 a. Increase labor while decreasing capital. b. Decrease labor while increasing capital. c. Keep the current amounts of capital and labor just as they are. d. None of the above.arrow_forward4. Suppose that low-skilled workers employed in clearing woodland can each clear one acre per month if each is equippedwith a shovel, a machete, and a chainsaw. Clearing one acrebrings in $1,000 in revenue. Each worker’s equipment coststhe worker’s employer $150 per month to rent and each workertoils 40 hours per week for four weeks each month. LO17.6 a. What is the marginal revenue product of hiring one lowskilled worker to clear woodland for one month?b. How much revenue per hour does each worker bring in?c. If the minimum wage were $6.20, would the revenue perhour in part b exceed the minimum wage? If so, by howmuch per hour?d. Now consider the employer’s total costs. These includethe equipment costs as well as a normal profit of $50 peracre. If the firm pays workers the minimum wage of$6.20 per hour, what will the firm’s economic profit orloss be per acre?e. At what value would the minimum wage have to be set sothat the firm would make zero economic profit fromemploying an…arrow_forwardQuestion 14 Human capital is H-e0.07*5), where S is the number of years of schooling. What is the ratio of the productivities of the persons having 9 and 12 years of schooling, respectively. Hint: This will be the ratio of their wages in the competitive labor ratio of their wages in the competitive labor market. O 0.81 0.95 O 1.03 O 1.54arrow_forward
- Figure Al Wage MC $30 $23 $16 $12 D 8. 11 13 Labor Refer to Figure A1. If the government set a minimum wage of $15 an hour, what could the level of employment be? O 13 O 8 O 10 O 11arrow_forwardLabor demand and supply of labor is one of the external factors that impact compensation practices. If supply of labor is less than the labor demand, most employers offer to jobseekers. Higher rate Going rate Lower rate Market rate A clothing manufacturing utilizes Merrick's Multiple Piece Rate System that sets the standard output to 100 units per week and normal piece rate at 5 RO per unit. If Worker Z's actual weekly output is 100 units, solve earning per week. 650 О 500 O 550 O 600 ооо оarrow_forwardEmployment 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Labor Demand Data Total Product 0 15 28 о Multiple Choice о O $18 $17 39 48 55 60 $15 $16 Product Price $2.20 2.00 1.80 1.60 1.40 1. 20 1.00 The table shows labor demand data on the left and labor supply data on the right. What will be the profit-maximizing wage rate? Labor Supply Data Employment 0 1 2 3 4 LO 5 6 Wage Rate $15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00arrow_forward
- With a minimum wage of $10, how many workers are unemployed (would like to work, but are unable to find a job)? * Wage (per hour) $10 7. 50 80 110 Number of workers 30 50 60 80 O 110arrow_forwardA dozen eggs cost $1.22 in January 1990 and $2.33 in January 2016. The average wage for workers in private industries was $10.02 per hour in January 1990 and $21.33 in January 2016. By what percentage did the price of a dozen eggs rise? 48% 91% 111% By what percentage did the wage rise? O 21% 94% 113% In order to earn enough to buy a dozen eggs, a worker had to work. Workers' purchasing power in terms of eggs minutes in January 1990 and between 1990 and 2016. minutes in January 2016.arrow_forwardAs one of the largest and fastest-growing industries in 2018, health care provided how many jobs for wage and salary workers? O 18 million 30 million 3 pts O 24 million O 12 millionarrow_forward
- 7. LO 2, 4 Suppose that a consumer can earn a higher wage rate for working overtime. That is, for the first q hours the consumer works, he or she receives a real wage rate of w, and for hours worked more than q he or she receives w, where W2>W1. Suppose that the consumer pays no taxes and receives no nonwage income, and he or she is free to choose hours of work. (a) Draw the consumer's budget constraint, and show his or her optimal choice of consump- tion and leisure (b) Show that the consumer would never work hours, or anything very close to q Explain the intuition behind this. (c) Determine what hours. happens if the overtime wage rate w2 increases. Explain your results in terms of income and substitution effects. You must consider the case of a worker who initially works overtime, and a worker who initially does not work overtime.arrow_forward10 9 8 7 O) 6 LO 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 • Label axis variables • Label curves Highlight the market envelope • Draw the wage-safety locus • Add indifference curves for a different worker. Are they more or less risk-averse?arrow_forward(a) unemployment in the originating nation, (b) remittances * How might the output and income gains from immigration shown by the simple immigration model be affected by themployment in the originating nation, (b) remittances inmigrants to the home country, and (c) backflows of migrants to the home country? LO23.3 migrants to the home country? LO23.3 shown by the simple immigration model be affected byarrow_forward
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