General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305580343
Author: Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 23.72QP
A compound with a fragrant odor reacts with dilute acid to give two organic compounds, A and B. Compound A is identified as an alcohol with a molecular weight of 32.0 amu. Compound B is identified as an acid. It can be reduced to give a compound whose composition is 60.0% C, 13.4% H, and 26.6% O and whose molecular weight is 60.1 amu. What is the name of the original compound?
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Write the structural formula for propylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol. Why is it classified as an alcohol? Is it a polar molecule? Should it be miscible with water?
1. Dehydration:
2. Oxidation:
This is a reaction where an alcohol loses a water molecule to
form an alkene.
For example, when ethanol is treated with an acidic catalyst,
such as sulfuric acid, it undergoes dehydration to form
ethene (CH2=CH2) and water.
ALCOHOLS
In this reaction, an alcohol is converted to either a carbonyl
compound or a carboxylic acid.
3. Esterification:
Types of Reaction (s)
For example, primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes
or carboxylic acids, while secondary alcohols can be oxidized
to ketones. Tertiary alcohols are usually not affected by
oxidations
4. Substitution:
The conversion of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid to an
ester and water, in the presence of an acid catalyst.
The reaction between methanol and acetic acid to form
methyl acetate: CH3OH + CH3COOH CH3COOCH3 + H2O
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ME
Substitution reactions in organic chemistry involve the
replacement of one atom or group of atoms with another
atom or group of atoms in a molecule.
1.…
3) Primary and secondary alcohols can be oxidised by heating with a mixture of potassium dichromate(VI)and dilute sulfuric(VI) acid.•A primary alcohol can be oxidised to two different products, depending on the conditions used.•A secondary alcohol forms one product when oxidised.Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidised.a)What is the formula of potassium dichromate(VI)?b)Using a primary alcohol of your choice as an example:i)give the displayed formulae of the two products it could be oxidised toii) state the conditions needed to give each productiii) state which homologous series each product belongs toiv) write a balanced chemical equation for each reaction (the convention [O] may be used for theoxidising agent).d) Why are tertiary alcohols resistant to oxidation?
Chapter 23 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.1ECh. 23.2 - In the model shown here, C atoms are black and H...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.2CCCh. 23.3 - Prob. 23.2ECh. 23.3 - Prob. 23.3ECh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.4ECh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.5ECh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.6ECh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.7ECh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.8E
Ch. 23.5 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following...Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 23.10ECh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.3CCCh. 23.6 - Prob. 23.11ECh. 23.6 - Prob. 23.12ECh. 23.6 - Prob. 23.13ECh. 23 - Give the molecular formula of an alkane with 25...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.2QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.3QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.4QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.5QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.6QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.7QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.8QPCh. 23 - What would you expect to be the major product when...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.10QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.11QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.12QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.13QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.14QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.15QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.16QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.17QPCh. 23 - What is the correct IUPAC name for the following...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.19QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.20QPCh. 23 - Explain why you wouldnt expect to find a compound...Ch. 23 - Catalytic cracking is an industrial process used...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.23QPCh. 23 - In the models shown here, C atoms are black and H...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.25QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.26QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.27QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.28QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.29QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.30QPCh. 23 - Complete and balance the following equations. Note...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.32QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.33QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.35QPCh. 23 - Complete the following equation, giving only the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.37QPCh. 23 - What is the IUPAC name of each of the following...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.39QPCh. 23 - Write the condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 23 - Give the IUPAC name of each of the following. a...Ch. 23 - For each of the following, write the IUPAC name. a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.43QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.45QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.46QPCh. 23 - Give the IUPAC name of each of the following...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.48QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.49QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.50QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.51QPCh. 23 - Circle and name the functional group in each...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.53QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.56QPCh. 23 - What is the common name of each of the following...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.58QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.59QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.60QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62QPCh. 23 - Give the IUPAC name of each of the following...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.64QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.67QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.68QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.69QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.70QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.71QPCh. 23 - A compound with a fragrant odor reacts with dilute...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.73QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.74QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.75QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.77QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.78QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.79QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.80QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.81QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.82QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.83QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.84QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87QPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88QP
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