Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780321897398
Author: Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, David A. Stahl, Thomas Brock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2.22, Problem 1MQ
Summary Introduction
Cellular membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm are the three major components of a cell. Organelles are structures present within a cell and are specialized to perform a particular
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Bellwork 3/23
1. Which characteristic would communicate that the organism is a eukaryote? (12b.DOK 1)
a. The organism can convert solar energy into chemical energy
b. The organism has a structure for movement/mobility
c. The organism has membrane-bound organelles
d. The organism contains DNA
2 Which organism has the following characteristics: heterotrophic, eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, cell wall
made of chitin? (12b.DOK 1)
a.
Protist
b.
Plant
C.
archaebacteria
d.
Fungi
3. What is the basic structure of a virus? (12e.DOK 1)
DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
A capsid surrounded by a protein coat
A head and tail fibers
a.
b.
С.
d.
A tiny cell surrounded by a cell wall
4.
What evidence would best support the argument that a virus is nonliving? (12e.DOK 1)
Its genetic material is not contained in a nucleus.
It lacks mitochondria for the production of energy.
It cannot reproduce without a host.
It does not have a cell wall to give it support and structure.
a.
b.
С.
d.
Q9.
Compare the functions of lysosomes.
and peroxisomes.
. Briefly state how each of the following cell componentscan be recognized in electron micrographs: the nucleus,a mitochondrion, a lysosome, and a centriole. What is theprimary function of each?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
Ch. 2.1 - Define the terms magnification and resolution.Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.2 - How can cells be made to fluoresce?Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.4 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.5 - How do cocci and rods differ in morphology?
Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.6 - What physical property of cells increases as cells...Ch. 2.6 - How can the small size and haploid genome of...Ch. 2.6 - What are the approximate limits to how small a...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.9 - Compare and contrast simple transporters, the...Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.10 - Why do bacterial cells need cell walls? Do all...Ch. 2.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.10 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2.11 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.11 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2.11 - Prob. 4MQCh. 2.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.14 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.14 - Chapter Review Why would it be impossible for...Ch. 2.14 - Chapter Review How are magnetosomes and the...Ch. 2.15 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.15 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.16 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.16 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.16 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2.17 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.17 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.18 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.18 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.19 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.19 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.19 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2.19 - Chapter Review How does scotophobotaxis differ...Ch. 2.20 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.20 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.20 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2.21 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.21 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.21 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2.22 - Prob. 1MQCh. 2.22 - Prob. 2MQCh. 2.22 - Prob. 3MQCh. 2 - Prob. 1RQCh. 2 - Prob. 2RQCh. 2 - Prob. 3RQCh. 2 - What are the major morphologies of prokaryotic...Ch. 2 - How large can a bacterium be? How small? Why is it...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6RQCh. 2 - Prob. 7RQCh. 2 - Prob. 8RQCh. 2 - Cells of Escherichia coli transport lactose via...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10RQCh. 2 - List several functions of the outer membrane in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 12RQCh. 2 - Prob. 13RQCh. 2 - Prob. 14RQCh. 2 - Prob. 15RQCh. 2 - In a few sentences, indicate how the bacterial...Ch. 2 - Prob. 17RQCh. 2 - Prob. 18RQCh. 2 - Contrast the mechanism for motility in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 20RQCh. 2 - Prob. 21RQCh. 2 - List at least three features of eukaryotic cells...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23RQCh. 2 - Prob. 24RQCh. 2 - Prob. 25RQCh. 2 - Describe the major functions of the endoplasmic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1AQCh. 2 - Prob. 2AQCh. 2 - Assume you are given two cultures, one of a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4AQCh. 2 - Assume you are given two cultures of rod-shaped...
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- Answer Structures Function Centrioles 1. Composed of proteins and rRNAs Cytosol 2. Region in prokaryotes contains a chromosome Golgi complex 3. ring of nine outer microtubule doublets (9+2 axoneme) Plasma membrane 4. Support the cell and protect against plasmolysis Ribosome 5. Composed of glycoprotein(s) and involved in transferring material into or out of the cell Transporters 6. contain hydrolytic enzymes and involved in autophagy Receptor 7. Composed of microtubules and sweep mucus out of respiratory tract Peroxisome 8. Controls which material can get in or out of the cell Nucleoid 9. Contains chromosomes and has nuclear envelope Cilia 10. Maintain membrane fluidity 11. contains necessary enzymes for that…arrow_forwardThe key components of desmosomes are cadherins and. actin microfilaments intermediate filaments microtubulesarrow_forwardAnswer Structures Function Centrioles 1. Composed of proteins and rRNAs Cytosol 2. Region in prokaryotes contains a chromosome 3. ring of nine outer microtubule doublets (9+2 axoneme) Plasma membrane 4. Support the cell and protect against plasmolysis Ribosome 5. Composed of glycoprotein(s) and involved in transferring material into or out of the cell Transporters 6. contain hydrolytic enzymes and involved in autophagy Receptor 7. Composed of microtubules and sweep mucus out of respiratory tract 14 Peroxisome 8. Controls which material can get in or out of the cell 2 Nucleoid 9. Contains chromosomes and has nuclear envelope 3 Cilia 10. Maintain membrane fluidity 11. contains…arrow_forward
- Compare the roles of the glycocalyx, extracellular matrix, and cell wall.arrow_forwardQuestion: Explain how the strongest of the cytoskeletal filaments systems is organized?arrow_forwardWhich of the following sequences correctly lists in order the steps involved in the incorporation of a proteinaceous molecule within a cell? protein synthesis of the protein on the ribosome; modification in the Golgi apparatus; packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum; tagging in the vesicle synthesis of the protein on the lysosome; tagging in the Golgi; packaging in the vesicle; distribution in the endoplasmic reticulum synthesis of the protein on the ribosome; modification in the endoplasmic reticulum; tagging in the Golgi; distribution via the vesicle synthesis of the protein on the lysosome; packaging in the vesicle; distribution via the Golgi; tagging in the endoplasmic reticulumarrow_forward
- TEKS 7.12D differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole Supporting Standard Vacuole Mitochondria Cytoplasm Cell wall Chloroplast Cell membrane Nucleus DNA Ribosomes 1. What are the structures that are only found in a plant cell? 2. Examine the plant and animal cells. What do you notice about the vacuoles in a plant cell compared to the animal cell?arrow_forwardsmi S ed yn OS nt de 3. C Nucleus ^^ mitochondria **see instructions** Raugh ER k Peroxisome HW 9-14 DUE 9-19 Lysosome Name U# Seat What is the total cell length? 24um What is the surface area/volume ratio? 0.2 Sum Culgi Apparatus 2um H List the starting point and all the organelles a secreted protein will passarrow_forwardAnswer Guide Question: a) What characteristics does golgi apparatus have to be considered as the packaging center of the cell? b) How do flagella propel? Where do its energy source located? c) What do you mean by a power house? What is being broken down by mitochondrion to release energy?arrow_forward
- Q. Membrane surface area and cell volume are two physical variables that are relevant in explaining the difference in size and complexity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following statements about these variables is correct? The ratio of plasma membrane area to total cell volume increased in early eukaryotes which allowed for greater morphological complexity. The total membrane area dedicated to oxidative phosphorylation is greater in eukaryotes. Although physically smaller, prokaryotic cells have more total cell volume than a typical eukaryotic cell. In prokaryotic cells, the membrane location of ATP synthase is the same as that for glucose import. A. 1,2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1,2,3 and 4 are correctarrow_forwardQ1) Give the reason of the following: a- Red blood cells are rounded disks and lack the nucleus. b- The rough ER is an extension of the outer membrane of nuclear envelope while the smooth ER is associated with the Golgi apparatus, c- The defect in the rough ER effect on Lysosomes function. d-The scientists used the stem cells in the field of researches.arrow_forwardQ1. Understand the parts of a cell, how cells communicate, and the process of DNA mRNA protein and the directionality of each product as it moves through the cellarrow_forward
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